ParT 1, 1922] CARDUACEAE: VERNONIEAE 103 
10. EKMANIA Gleason, Bull. Torrey Club 46: 250. 1919. 
Stems shrubby, weak, lepidote. Leaves alternate, entire, pinnately veined, lepidote. 
Inflorescence a corymbiform cluster, frecly branched. Heads homogamous, few-flowered. 
Involucre of a few series of closely appressed boat-shaped scales. Corolla tubular, regular, 
enlarged above, 5-cleft, glandular without. Style and anthers of Vernonia. Achenes glabrous, 
10-ribbed, truncate. Pappus biseriate, the inner series of a few stout flattened bristles, the 
outer a cylindric tube with lacerate margin. 
Type species, Vernonia lepidota Griseb. 
1. Ekmania lepidota (Griseb.) Gleason, Bull. Torrey Club 
46: 250. 1919. 
Vernonia lepidota Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 145. 1866. 
Stems ascending over bushes, 3 m. long, fulvous-lepidote; leaf-blades firm, elliptic- 
oblong, 5-8 cm. long, 2—3.5 cm. wide, obtuse to subacute, entire, narrowed at the base, thinly 
silvery-lepidote above, densely fulvous-lepidote beneath, prominently veined; inflorescence a 
corymbiform cluster 5 cm. wide, freely branched with short angled branches; lower bracteal 
leaves petiolate, 10-13 mm. long, 1-nerved, the upper gradually reduced to short subterete 
lepidote scales 2 mm. long closely appressed to the involucre; heads (?)8-flowered; involucre 
broadly ovoid or subspheric, 3 mm. high; scales incurved, closely appressed in few series, 
boat-shaped, brown, acute, pubescent or scurfy on the back. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Summit of El Yunque, near Baracoa, Cuba. 
DISTRIBUTION: Cuba. 
11. PIPTOCOMA Cass. Bull. Soc. Philom. 1817: 10. 1817. 
Stems shrubby; branches strongly angled. Leaves alternate, entire or undulate, pinnately 
veined, ferruginous-lepidote beneath. Heads 5—8-flowered, in terminal, convex, corymbiform 
clusters. Involucre campanulate, the scales appressed, imbricate in several series. Recep- 
tacle flat, naked. Corolla blue, tubular, regularly 5-cleft, the tube gradually enlarged upwards. 
Anthers sagittate, obtuse at the base. Style-branches slender. Achenes irregularly 5-angled, 
with or without obscure intermediate ribs. Pappus biseriate, the outer series of few short, 
broad, fimbriate scales, the inner of elongate, linear, somewhat twisted, caducous scales. 
Type species, Piptocoma rufescens Cass, 
1. Piptocoma rufescens Cass. Bull. Soc. Philom. 1817: 10. 1817. 
Eupatorium domingense Spreng. Syst. 3: 412. 1826. 
Oliganthes rufescens Schultz-Bip. Pollichia 20-21: 338. 1863. 
Piptocoma rufescens latifolia Gleason, Bull. Torrey Club 46: 251. 1919. 
Stems shrubby, freely branched, 2-3 m. high, thinly cinereous or canescent when young, 
becoming glabrate with age; the young shoots strongly angled and ferruginous; leaf-blades 
firm, dull-green, lanceolate-oblong to elliptic or narrowly ovate, 4-7 cm. long, 1-3 cm. wide, 
rounded, obtuse or acute, entire or undulate, narrowed to an acute base, thinly and softly 
stellate-pubescent or glabrate above, reticulately veined and densely ferruginous-lepidote 
beneath; petioles 3-10 mm. long; inflorescence rather loose, 3-10 cm. wide; involucre campanu- 
late, 4 mm. high; scales closely imbricate in few series, or spreading in age, obtuse or rounded, 
the outer ovate, the inner oblong-ovate, ciliate, glabrous below, tomentose and resinous at 
the tip; achenes nearly glabrous, 2 mm. long; pappus yellowish-white, the inner series 5 mm., 
the, outer 0.4-0.5 (or 1) mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Santo Domingo. 
DisTRIBUTION: Santo Domingo, Porto Rico, St. Thomas, and Tortola. 
12. PIPTOCARPHA R. Br.; Cass. Dict. Sci. Nat. 41: 109. 1826. 
Car phobolus Schott; Spreng. Syst. 4: Cur. Post. 409. 1827. 
Monanthemum Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 354. 1861. 
Stems shrubby, frequently climbing, stellate-pubescent or lepidote. Leaves large, 
alternate, pinnately veined, usually entire, coriaceous, tomentose with stellate hairs or scaly 
