104 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 33 
beneath. Heads 3—20-flowered, aggregated in axillary or terminal corymbs, umbels, or panicles, 
or sessile in axillary clusters. Involucre ovoid or campanulate, the scales imbricate in several 
series, the outer smaller, the inner frequently falling with the achenes. Receptacle convex, 
naked. Corolla regular, tubular, 5-cleft. Anthers sharply subcaudate at base. Style-branches 
slender. Achenes truncate, 10-ribbed. Pappus-bristles in two series, the inner long, equal, 
the outer shorter, unequal, inconspicuous, or in some species lacking. 
Type species, Piptocarpha brasiliana Cass. 
Heads mostly 6-flowered, corymbose in the axils. 1. P. chontalensis. 
Heads 2—4-flowered, in terminal corymbiform clusters. 2. P. tetrantha. 
1. .Piptocarpha chontalensis Baker, in Mart. Fl. Bras. 6°: 
LSD 7-35 
Piptocar pha costaricensis Klatt, Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 31': 184. 1892. 
Stems shrubby, 6 m. high, faintly striate or terete, slightly flexuous, thinly cinereous- 
tomentose; leaf-blades coriaceous, oblong-ovate to ovate, 10-18 cm. long, 4.5-10 em. wide, 
acute or abruptly short-acuminate, entire or remotely denticulate, obliquely and unequally. 
rounded at base, dark-green, glabrous and shining above, dull-green and closely cinereous- 
tomentose beneath with stalked stellate hairs, on petioles 10-15 mm. long; bracteal leaves 
similar but smaller; heads numerous, 6—-flowered, crowded in axillary corymbiform clusters, 
sessile in groups of 2 or 3 terminating tomentose peduncles; involucre ovoid, 3-4 mm. high; 
scales closely imbricate, appressed, ovate, acute to obtuse or rounded, the outer tomentose, 
the inner glabrous except at the tomentose tip, deciduous; achenes sharply 5-ribbed with 5 
secondary less prominent ribs, 3 mm. long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; pappus white, 
the inner bristles 6-7 mm. long, the outer bristles 1-2 mm. long, irregtlar, filiform. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Chontales district, Nicaragua. 
DISTRIBUTION: Central America. 
2. Piptocarpha tetrantha Urban, Symb. Ant. 1:457. 1899. 
Stems shrubby or vine-like, 6 m. tall, closely ‘and finely cinereous-pubescent; leaf-blades 
coriaceous, broadly elliptic to elliptic-oblong, 3.5-13 cm. long, 2-7 em. wide, subacute, obtuse, 
or rounded, entire, rounded at base, dark-green, glabrous, and shining above, finely and 
closely cinereous-lepidote beneath, prominently reticulately veined, on petioles 10-15 mm. 
long; heads 2-4-flowered, sessile, aggregated in clusters of 2-4 in dense panicles terminating 
the stem and in the upper axils; involucre ovoid, 6 mm. long; scales closely imbricate in few 
series, appressed, the outer short, ovate, tomentose, the inner oblong, glabrous below, 
tomentose at the tip; achenes 3-4 mm. long, 10-ribbed, glabrous or glandular; pappus tawny- 
white, the inner bristles 6 mm. long, the outer 1-2 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Mt. Jimenes, Sierra de Luquillo, Porto Rico. 
DISTRIBUTION: Porto Rico. 
13. BOLANOSA A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 82. 1852. 
Stems herbaceous, floccose or tomentose. Leaves alternate, sessile, pinnately veined- 
Heads large, many-flowered, 1—2 cm. across, solitary or in dense corymbiform clusters of 2-5, 
terminating the stem and branches. Involucre broadly hemispheric, floccose, the scales 
imbricate in several series. Receptacle flat, chaffy with narrow, conduplicate, scarious scales. 
Corolla tubular, regular, 5-cleft, gradually enlarged upwards. Anthers sagittate, obtuse 
at base. Style-branches slender. Achenes irregularly angled, obtusely 10-ribbed, turbinate, 
truncate. Pappus biseriate, the outer of flat, linear, acuminate scales, the inner of long, 
linear, flattened bristles. 
Type species, Bolanosa Coultert A. Gray. 
1. Bolanosa Coulteri A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1:82. 1852. 
Stems erect, 10-15 dm. high, simple to the inflorescence or with a few branches from the 
upper axils, floccose above with white wool, becoming glabrous below; leaf-blades ovate- 
