106 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 33 
crenate, long-acuminate at the base into a margined petiole, thinly strigose-pubescent on both 
sides, especially on the veins beneath; cauline leaves bract-like, their blades linear to oblong; 
inflorescence spicate or with a few short branches, the rachis densely villous; bracteal leaves 
oblong-linear, 1 cm. long, or deciduous; glomerules j0-15 mm. high; involucre about 10mm. 
long; scales sharply acuminate, glabrous or thinly strigose; achenes dark-brown, pubescent, 
2 mm. long; pappus pale-brown or silvery, 7-8 mm. long, of flattened bristles tapering from 
base to apex. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. , 
DISTRIBUTION: West Indies, Mexico, and Central America; also in tropical South Amercia. 
ILLUSTRATION: Trans. Acad. St. Louis 12: 56. pl. 9, f. D. 
16. ELEPHANTOPUS L. Sp. PI. 814. 1753. 
Herbs with leafy or scapiform stems. Leaves alternate or basal, entire or toothed, 
pinnately veined. Inflorescence of corymbed pedunculate glomerules of 1—-several heads 
subtended by 1-3 foliaceous bracts. Heads 1-5-flowered. Involucre of 4 decussate pairs 
of scales, the two outer pairs shorter, the alternate pairs conduplicate. Receptacle flat or 
nearly so. Corolla-tube slender, the limb unequally 5-cleft with a much deeper fissure on 
the inner side. Anthers sagittate, obtuse at base. Style-branches slender. Achenes truncate, 
mostly 10-ribbed. Pappus of 5-8 rigid flattened scales, usually prolonged into terminal 
bristles. 
Type species, Elephantopus scaber L. 
Pappus of irregular scales without terminal bristles; bracts prolonged at the 
apex into a ligulate tip. 
Leaves flat, 2-8 mm. wide; ligules 2-5 mm. wide. ile 
Leaves involute, 1 mm. wide; ligules linear. 2. 
Pappus of about 5 scales prolonged into terminal bristles; bracts acute to 
acuminate, not prolonged at the apex. 
Leaves all or chiefly basal, those on the stem reduced to mere bracts 
subtending the branches. 
Longest involucral scales 9-12 mm. long, thinly resinous; pappus- 
bristles 6—-7.5 mm. long, gradually dilated below; leaves pubescent on 
the midvein beneath with spreading or reflexed hairs. 3. E. tomentosts. 
Longest involucral scales 8 mm. long or less; pappus-bristles 3.5—-5 
mm. long; leaf-pubescence not reflexed. 
Pappus-bristles abruptly dilated below into broadly triangular bases; 
involucral scales densely resinous; leaves thinly pilose-pubescent 
beneath with appressed hairs. 4. E. nudatus. 
Pappus-bristles gradually dilated below into narrowly triangular 
bases. 
Bracts, involucral scales, and peduncles densely villous with 
. pratensis. 
. avenarius. 
hh 
long white hairs. 5. E. elatus. 
Bracts, involucral scales, and peduncles thinly pilose. 6. E. scaber. 
Leaves cauline, or both cauline and basal. 
Pappus-bristles abruptly dilated at base into triangular scales not 
more than twice as long as wide. 
Leaf-blades oblong-elliptic to ovate, more than 2 cm. wide. 7. E. mollis. 
Leaf-blades narrowly oblong-lanceolate, about 1 cm. wide. 8. E. dilatatus. 
Pappus-bristles gradually dilated at base into narrowly triangular 
scales. 
Leaves softly pubescent beneath with erect hairs. : ; 
Leaves thinly pilose beneath with scattered hairs, chiefly along tthe. ; 
the veins. 10. E. carolinianus. 
9. E. hypomalacus. 
1. Elephantopus pratensis C. Wright; Sauv. Anal. Acad. Ci. 
Habana 6: 177. ~ 1869. 
Stems weak and slender, branching from the base, erect or ascending, 1-4 dm. high, 
pilose-pubescent, especially below, or becoming glabrate; leaf-blades flat, narrowly oblanceolate 
or nearly linear, 3-7 cm. long, 2-8 mm. wide, obtuse, entire, acuminate at base into a winged 
petiole, glabrous, or pilose on both sides, especially along the veins, resinous or glandular- 
punctate; glomerules few or solitary, on long peduncles, 5-8 mm. high; bracts 2 or 3, cordate- 
orbicular with a prominent broad ligulate tip 5-10 mm. long; involucral scales 3-nerved, 
4-5 mm. long, scarious at the margin, glabrous or minutely resinous-dotted ; achenes prominent- 
ly ribbed, glabrous, 3 mm. long; pappus of 6-8 triangular-ovate, ciliate scales about 1 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. 
DISTRIBUTION: Cuba and Isle of Pines. 
