Part 1, 1922] CARDUACEAE: VERNONIEAE 107 
2. Elephantopus arenarius Britton & Wilson; Britton, 
Bull. Torrey Club 43: 468. 1916. 
Stems 6-8 cm. high, branched from the base, glabrous or sparsely pilose; leaves erect, 
the blades narrowly linear, entire, involute, 2-4 cm. long, 1 mm. wide, essentially glabrous, 
conspicuously glandular-punctate, flat and pilose-ciliate at the slightly dilated clasping base; 
peduncles 2-3 cm. long; glomerules 2-5, 5-6 mm. high; bracts 2, broadly ovate to nearly 
orbicular, reticulately veined, glandular-punctate, acuminate into a linear tip 5-15 mm. long 
and 1 mm. wide; involucral scales short-acuminate, glabrous, 3 mm. long; achenes conspicu- 
ously ribbed, glabrous; pappus of several unequal triangular-lanceolate ciliate scales, about 
0.5 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Vicinity of Los Indios, Isle of Pines. 
DISTRIBUTION: Isle of Pines. 
3. Elephantopus tomentosus L. Sp. Pl. 814. 1753. 
Elephantopus nudicaulis Poir. in Lam. Encyce. Suppl. 2: 543. 1812. 
Elephantopus carolinianus simplex Nutt. Gen. 2: 187. 1818. 
Stems stout, erect, hispid, freely branched above, 3-8 dm. high; blades of the basal leaves 
broadly elliptic to obovate-oblong, 10-20 cm. long, 3—9 cm. wide, obtuse or rounded, crenate, 
gradually narrowed or tapering to the sessile base, thinly pilose-pubescent or glabrate above, 
softly pilose beneath on the surface and densely comose with spreading or reflexed hairs on 
the midvein; cauline leaves few or none, the blades narrowly oblong, 2—5 cm. long; inflorescence 
broad, freely branched; bracts triangular-ovate, hirsute, equaling or somewhat exceeding 
the glomerules; involucral scales thinly strigose-pubescent, usually green, thinly resinous, 
9-12 mm. long; achenes 4—4.5 mm. long; pappus-bristles gradually dilated at base, 6-7.5 mm. 
long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Virginia. 
DISTRIBUTION: North Carolina to Kentucky, Florida, and Texas. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 3611; ed. 2. f. 4150. 
4. Elephantopus nudatus A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 15:47. 1879. 
Stems slender, erect, branched above, 2—7 dm. high, glabrate to softly pilose; basal leaf- 
blades oblong-oblanceolate, 10-24 cm. long, 2-6 cm. wide, acute or obtuse, crenate-serrate, 
mostly beyond the middle with low ascending teeth, gradually attenuate from above the middle 
to the narrow sessile base, glabrate or sparsely papillose-pilose above, thinly pilose-pubescent, 
especially on the veins, and minutely resinous beneath; glomerules small, 5-10 mm. high; 
bracts little exceeding the glomerules, lanceolate or narrowly triangular-ovate, hirsute on the 
back along the midvein; involucral scales thinly strigose, densely resinous, acute, frequently 
purple-tinged; achenes 3-3.5 mm. long; pappus-bristles 4-5 mm. long, abruptly dilated be- 
low into a depressed-deltoid base. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Oxford, Delaware. 
DISTRIBUTION: Delaware to Florida, Arkansas, and Louisiana. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 3610; ed. 2. f. 4149. 
5. Elephantopus elatus Bertol. Mem. Accad. Bologna 2: 607. 1851. 
Elephantopus elatus intermedius Gleason, Bull. Torrey Club 46: 252. 1919. 
Stems erect, rather sparingly branched, 5-10 dm. tall, leafless or with 1 or 2 cauline leaves, 
hirsute-pubescent, especially above; blades of the basal leaves spatulate to elliptic or oblong, 
12-25 cm. long, 3-6 cm. wide, obtuse, crenate, thinly papillose-pilose above, more or less 
pilose on the lower surface and densely comose with stout ascending hairs on the veins; cauline 
leaves much reduced, seldom more than 5 cm. long; glomerules very loosely corymbed, 10-15 
mm. high, about equaled by the broadly ovate or triangular, short-acuminate, densely gray- 
hirsute bracts; involucral scales 5.5—8 mm. long, densely hirsute with erect white hairs con- 
cealing the surface; achenes 3.5—4 mm. long: pappus-bristles 3.5-4.5 mm. long, dilated below 
into a narrowly triangular base. 
Type Locauity: Alabama. 
DISTRIBUTION: South Carolina to Florida, Louisiana, and southern Arkansas. 
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Accad. Bologna2: #l. 5. 
