828 



NA TURE 



[December 16, 19: 



University and Educational Intelligence. 



Belfast. — The trustees of the late Mr. Henry 

 Musgrave have just paid to the Queen's University 

 the sum of 57,000/. Of this sum the income of 7000/. 

 is to be applied towards paying an additional Reader 

 in connexion with the chair of physics. The income 

 of 20,000/. is to be applied in founding and maintaining 

 studentships of not less than 150/. per annum for the 

 encouragement of research in pathology, physiology, 

 biology and chemistry. The disposal of the remain- 

 ing 30,000/. is left to the discretion of the Senate. 



Cambridge. — The Very Reverend W. R. Inge, 

 Dean of St. Paul's, and Sir Sidney' F. Harmer, 

 Director of the Natural History Departments of the 

 British Museum, have been elected honorary fellows 

 of King's College. 



K. P. Chatterji, Fitzwilliam Hall, has been elected 

 to the Anthony Wilkin Studentship in ethnology and 

 archaeology. 



The Raymond Horton-Smith prize has been 

 awarded to Dr. A. B. Appleton, Downing College, 

 for an essay on " Morphogenesis of Bone," and to 

 Dr. H. W. K. Vines, Christ's College, for an essay on 

 " Certain Physiological Functions of Calcium Salts." 



The Gordon Wigan prize in chemistry has been 

 awarded to R. G. W. Norrish, Emmanuel College, 

 for an investigation on " The Photochemistry of 

 Potassium Permanganate." 



It is proposed to appoint a University lecturer 111 

 embryology. 



Oxford. — An important collection of early scientific 

 instruments has been offered as a gift to the Uni- 

 versity by Mr. Lewis Evans, a condition attached 

 to the gift being that a suitable place should be pro- 

 vided for showing it, this to be approved by Mr, 

 Evans. The collection is at present exhibited in the 

 Picture Gallery of the Bodleian Library, where it will 

 be allowed to remain until the end of the summer of 

 1024. In the meantime it will be necessary to fix on 

 a permanent lodging for the collection, and a proposal 

 by Mr. R. T. Gunther, Fellow of Magdalen College, 

 to allot for this purpose the upper - rooms of the 

 historic Ashmolean Museum has the support of the 

 heads of all the scientific departments concerned, of 

 the Board of the Faculty of Natural Science, and of 

 many other resident members of the University. As 

 stated in Nature of December 9, p. 7S3, the collec- 

 tion is especially rich in instruments for the deter- 

 mination of time. There is a series of astrolabes, 

 sixtv-three in number. There is also a large array 

 of dials, both stationary and portable ; the former 

 includes Wolsey's sundial, which was probably <i 

 signed by Nicolas Kratzer, the first Oxford professor 

 of astronomv ; while among the latter can be seen 

 a fine Elizabethan finger ring dial, and a Roman 

 portable dial of the second or third century A D., 

 stated to be the only perfect example known of this 

 particular type of timepiece. 



Dr. Katie Barratt, lecturer in the department of 

 biologv a! the Imperial College of Science, South 

 Kensington, lias been appointed principal of the 

 Horticultural College, Swanley, Kent. 



The British Association Committee on Training in 

 Citizenship has produced three valuable reports, each 

 of which is available separately for a few pence, and 

 at reduced prices if purchased in dozens or hundreds. 

 The first report, presented at the Cardiff meeting in 

 1920, contains a syllabus of a course in civics and 

 notes on regional surveys; the second, presented at 

 Edinburgh in 1921, surveys the position of the sub- 

 ject and summarises views of leading teachers upon its 

 scope and purpose ; and the third, presented at the 

 Hull meeting in September last, contains a full biblio- 



NO. 2772, VOL. I IO] 



graphy of civics. Prices and other particulars may be 

 obtained from the honorary secretary of the committee. 

 Lady Shaw, 10 Moreton Gardens, London, S.W.5. 



We have received from the Ufniversity of Hong- 

 Kong a pamphlet describing its aims and needs, with 

 special reference to an offer by the Rockefeller Founda- 

 tion of New Vork of an endowment of half a million 

 dollars for chairs of medicine and surgery, conditional 

 only upon the Faculty being brought into harmony 

 in other respects with modern standards of efficiency. 

 This will cost at least 400,000 dollars. The university 

 holds a position unique among British universities in 

 that its policies are to a large extent dominated by 

 its nearness to and relations with a foreign country. 

 Its charter of incorporation declares that its objects 

 include "... the development and formation of 

 the character of students of all races, nationalities, and 

 creeds, and the maintenance of good understanding 

 with the neighbouring country of China," and its 

 general aim has been defined as " the provision of 

 facilities and especially of the atmosphere of a resi- 

 dential British university with such modifications . . . 

 as the national and intellectual outlook of the Chinese 

 student may call for." One of its chief merits in the 

 eyes of Chinese parents is that its students get the 

 benefit of a British university education without 

 becoming denationalised. It was opened only two 

 years before the outbreak of the Great War and until 

 1920-21 its progress was slow. During the past two 

 years, however, the number of students has rapidly 

 increased, and there are now about 250, nearly all of 

 whom reside in university or recognised (mission) 

 hostels. Of students who have graduated from the 

 several faculties (medicine, engineering, and arts) the 

 greatest number — 77 — took degrees in engineering. 



Prof. L. Natanson sends us the following informa- 

 tion summarising the growth and progress of uni- 

 versity education in Poland. In the last completed 

 year (1921-22) Poland had five State-endowed 

 universities (Cracow, Warsaw, Lw6w, Poznan, Wilno), 

 two high technical schools (Warsaw, Lw6w), two 

 " free "or private universities (Lublin, Warsaw), and 

 seven other special colleges of university rank. 

 In these institutions, 1926 persons were engaged 

 in teaching during the session under review, namely : 

 833 full or "ordinary" professors, 176 assistant 

 or " extraordinary " professors, and 917 lecturers 

 and provisionally appointed teachers. The total 

 number of students enrolled for the same period was 

 34,708, of whom 8015 were women. The University 

 of Warsaw had the largest number of students in 

 attendance, namely, 7518 : the Technical High School 

 of Warsaw had 41 12 students. Polish universities 

 contain faculties of theology, jurisprudence, medicine, 

 physical and natural science, philosophy, history and 

 philologv ; in addition to these, sub-faculties or 

 special departments exist in several universities, 

 devoted to agriculture, pharmacy, veterinary science, 

 and so on. As to the specialty of their study, the 

 students may be divided as follows : theology 1 per 

 cent., jurisprudence 29-1, medical science 132, phar- 

 macy 0-9, veterinary science i-t, stomatology 1-5, 

 philosophy, philology, history and pedagogical science 

 264, agriculture 5-9, commercial science 2-1, chemistry 

 2-8, mining o-8, other technical studies 14-4 per cent. 

 The following information is also available relating 

 to the mother-tongue of students in the University 

 of Warsaw : Polish language 89-0 per cent., Russian 

 2-0, German 0-25, Hebrew 4-25, Jewish 3-25, other 

 languages 1-25 per cent. About 74 per cent, of the 

 number of students were trained in secondary schools 

 chiefly of classical and literary type ; the rest, about 

 26 per cent., had received preparation in schools 

 in which experimental and practical science was 

 the basis of instruction. 



