RACES OF MEN. 



Negro. 



American Indian. 



European. 



Chinese Tartar Piace. 



Laplander. 



Man holds the foremost place in the order of creation. The perfection of his bodily form is as far supe- 

 rior to that of other beings as his intellect surpasses their instinct, beautiful and marvellous though it be 

 Between man and brutes there is an impassable barrier, over which man can never fall, or beasts hope to 

 climb. flffan, when fallen from his high estate, and deprived of the use of his reason, still holds his 

 supremacy over the lower animals, and is not subject even to the most perfect and powerful brutes. There 

 is but one genus of mankind, Homo, and but one species, Sapiens ; that is, the rational human being 

 Intellect, or reason, differs from instinct in its power of accommodation to circumstances ; whereas instinct 

 ever remains unchanged. 



Man is modified according to the climate and position in which he is placed. There are several of these 

 modifications, or varieties as they are called, but authors do not agree as to their number. Some describe 

 the human family as divided into five varieties or races ; the Caucasian, the Mongolian, the Ethiopian, the 

 Malayan, and the American ; each of these being subdivided into families, as for instance the Caucasian 

 race subdivided into the Caucasian, the Celtic, the Germanic, the Arabian, the Libyan, the Nilotic, and the 

 Indostanic families. The division generally received is that of Pickering, who enumerates eleven' races of 

 men, all of whom he has seen ; the Arabian, Abyssinian, Mongolian, Hottentot, Malay, Papuan, Negrillo, 

 Telingan, Ethiopian, Australian, and Negro. He differs from Prichard in several points, but especially in 

 referring the population of America to the Mongolian race, whereas Prichard considers it as entirely 

 separate. 



The characteristics and distribution of each race are briefly these. The Arabian race extends over the 

 whole of Europe, excepting Lapland, about half of Asia, including the greater part of India, and mo^t of 

 the northern third of Africa. The complexion is light, the lips are thin, the nose is prominent, and the 

 beard thick. Number about three hundred and fifty millions. The Abyssinian race occupies a small tract 

 towards the east of Africa, including part of Abyssinia, and part of Nubia. The features are like those 

 of Europeans, the complexion is light, the hair is crisp, and the beard moderate. Number about three 

 millions. The Mongolian race is remarkable for a feminine aspect in both sexes, so that a stranger is often 

 perplexed to distinguish a man from a woman at a short distance ; the hair is straight, and the beard is 

 wanting. It extends over the eastern half of Asia, except Coi'ea, over Lapland, and the whole of America, 

 except the western coast by California, and the upper part of South America. Number three hundred 

 million. The Hottentot race occupies the. southern extremity of Africa. The complexion is not so dark 

 as that of the Negro, the hair is woolly, and frequently grows in irregular patches, leaving a bald spot in 



