80 MR. G. BUSK ON THE ANCIENT OR 
distance apart, retaining the outer incisor, canine, and two anterior molars (pm. 3, 
psa) 
4. The proximal extremities of the right and left ulnas, each with the olecranon 
broken, and probably gnawed off; all the fractured surfaces are covered with stalagmite. 
5. An entire right tibia. 
6. A portion of the shaft of the corresponding left tibia. 
1. The mandible measures from the incisive border to the angular process 6”. Its 
height at the middle of its length about 1’"3; the length of the diasteme is 7, of the 
symphysis 2”-0, and of the molar series 2”°1. The incisor series or the space between 
the canines inside measures about 0:8. The canine is ‘6 °5, pm. 5 °6X°3, pm. 4 
‘78x40, and m. 1 (carnassial) ‘80x40. The jaw is very thick and massive, its width 
immediately behind the canines being 1’"6 nearly. In the mandible of an African 
F. pardus (No. 4540, C. S.), the length from the incisor border to the angle is 67-3, 
the height at the middle 1”°3, the length of the diasteme °8, of symphysis 2”-0, of the 
molar series 2’”"1, of incisor series ‘8, the canine ‘65 x ‘50, pm. 3 ‘D0 x 25, pm. 4 ‘80°35 
ml “75X°37. 
2. The tibia measures 9”°9 in length, the proximal end 2”:1 2°25, the distal 
1-016; the least circumference is 2’°9, and the perimetral index :291. The tibia 
of an African Leopard in the Royal College of Surgeons is 9-8 long, the proximal end 
2”-4%2”:8, the distal 10x 1"55, the least circumference 2:8, and the perimetral 
index ‘285. 
The same close resemblance is exhibited in the dentition, as will be seen by inspection 
of the odontograms Nos. 21 and 22(Pl. XXVII.), of which the former represents that of 
the Gibraltar Leopard, and the latter that of /. pardus (No. 4544, R. C.S.). 
Under the appellation of /. antigua, Cuvier! notices the occurrence of a very similar 
form in the ossiferous breccia at Nice, associated with the Lion and several ceryine 
ruminants. It was also met with in the cavern of Gailenreuth; and it is also recorded 
by M. Marcel de Serres as occurring in the cavern of Lunel-Viel. M. Lartet? met with 
it in the Cavern of Mars, in the maritime Alps, and M. Gervais? in the Cave of Mialet. 
Lastly, Messrs. Boyd Dawkins and Sanford* enumerate it amongst the species met 
with at Banwell, and at Bleadon Hill and Hutton Cave in the Mendip Hills, 
The latter writers remark (p. 179) “ that the remains from the pliocene beds of 
Mont Perrier, in Auvergne, ascribed by MM. Croizet and Jobert to Felis antiqua, are 
too large to have belonged to the largest Leopard, though M. de Blainville believes that 
F. pardinensis and F. arvernensis are identical with the Panther.” They also justly 
remark that the F. pardoides of Prof. Owen? differs from the Panther in the lowness of 
the crown of the last [lower] molar,” to which might be added that the Crag tooth also 
Op. cit. t. vi. p. 333. + Ann. d. Se, Nat. 5™e sér. viii. p. 170. 
* Anim. Vertéb. vivants et fossiles, 1867-1869, p. 68, pl. xv. 
‘ Brit. Pleistocene Mamm. part iy. p. 177, 1872. * Brit. Foss, Mamm. p. 169, 
