QUATERNARY FAUNA OF GIBRALTAR. 81 
differs from that of the existing Leopard, if we may judge from the figure, in the 
excavation of the anterior part of the anterior cusp on the inner face, on which aspect, in 
the Gibraltar specimen and the existing Panther, the surface is uniformly convex. 
In conclnsion, it may be remarked that the size of the lower true molar in the 
Bleadon-Hill Leopard, ‘8x ‘4, exactly corresponds with that of the same tooth in the 
Gibraltar specimen; and this is a character in which these two specimens appear to 
exceed any recent Leopard with which I have had an opportunity of making comparison. 
In the figure of the lower jaw of Felis pardus, however, given by M. de Blainville', 
the antero-posterior length of the tooth appears to be the same as in the two fossil 
instances. 
I would observe, however, that, although in the Gibraltar Leopard the lower car- 
nassial is so unusually long, the penultimate is of exactly the same length, and the next 
but very slightly longer. 
2. FELIS PARDINA, Oken. 
The true Lynxes (excluding the Caracal) constitute a peculiar well-defined subgeneric 
group of Cats, characterized, so far as external features are concerned, by long legs, short 
tails, and usually tufted ears, to which, as more intrinsic characters, may be added the 
almost invariable absence at all ages of the foremost small upper premolar (pm. 2), 
which is generally present in almost all other felines—and, according to Keyserling and 
Blasius 2, by the circumstance that the nasals are separated from the maxillaries by the 
intervention of the descending process of the frontal meeting the premaxillary) 
Blasius adds, as another character of the Lynx Cats, that the lower carnassial (m. 1). 
is tricuspid. But in this he is manifestly in error, since that condition obtains only in 
one of the four or five species constituting the group; it is in fact confined, so far as 
my observation extends, exclusively to the northern Lynx of Europe and Asia. 
Of the group thus characterized, several European forms have been described under 
different specific names; but at present I believe zoologists are tolerably unanimous in 
considering that there are in the Old World only two specifically distinct forms. The 
larger, best-known, and more widely distributed of these is Felis lynx, Linneus and 
Pallas, under which are included :— 
F. cervaria, Temminck, Nilsson, Cuy. 
F, lupulina, Thunb. 
FP. lyncula, virgata, Nilss. 
F. lynx, Schreber, Temminck, Bechst., Keyserling and Blasius, Blasius, Schinz, 
Blainville, &c. 
‘ Ostéographie, pl. xxxvi. (Felis, pl. viii.). Vid. also jaw of the fossil Leopard from Lunel-Viel, pl. xhy. 
(Felis, xvi.). 
» Dr. Gray made the same observation, and applies it to ‘ all the species of Lynx both from the Eastern 
and Western Hemispheres,” apparently unaware that he had been anticipated by Keyserling and Blasius. 
Proc, Zool. Society, 1867, p. 259. 
