82 MR. G. BUSK ON THE ANCIENT OR 
F. borealis (pars), Temminck, Thunberg. 
Lyneus borealis, Gray. 
LL. lupulinus, Gray. 
These various forms appear to differ from each other merely in certain details 
of coloration and size; and I have been unable to find any mention of more important 
dental or osteological characters, which, in a paleontological point of view, at any 
rate, are alone available. 
The range of this Lynx appears to be very extensive, reaching from the northern 
shores of Siberia, throughout the whole of Europe, to the southernmost part of Italy, 
and from the Caucasus to the extreme west, where its remains show that it was also a 
member of the quaternary fauna’. 
But, with this very extensive distribution, no evidence at present exists of the occur- 
rence of F. lynx south of the Pyrenees, although it is said to have been killed in that 
range of mountains in 1833. In the south of Spain, at any rate, andin Portugal north 
of Lisbon, it is replaced by a distinct and somewhat smaller form, which in some parts 
even appears to be tolerably abundant. There is furthermore evidence of its having 
inhabited the peninsula at a very remote period, its remains, to judge from the figure 
of a lower jaw, having been discovered by M. Delgado? in the “ Casa de Moura.” 
It is to this second European Lynx that the remains of a species of Felis considerably 
less than the Leopard found in the Genista Cave appear to belong. 
They consist of a considerable part of the maxillaries of one individual and a portion 
of the right maxillary of a second, together with a large part of the lower jaw, the distal 
extremity of the left humerus, the proximal end of a corresponding ulna, and the distal 
end of a tibia. 
One of the maxillary specimens is represented in Plate II. fig. 3, a, 6, ¢, d,e. It 
consists of the nearly entire left maxillary with all the teeth and the lower or malar 
portion of the orbital border. The two molar teeth (pm. 3 and pm. 4) are quite perfect ; 
but the canine is broken off close to the alveolus. On the right side only a small 
portion of the maxillary remains, containing the perfect canine; of the incisors four 
remain entire 3, and the two central alveoli are filled with stalagmite. There is no 
vestige whatever in either specimen of the anterior premolar (pm. 2). 
The canine (fig. 3, c) shows two deeply defined grooves on the outer and hinder 
1 A jaw undistinguishable from that of F. lyna was discovered by Dr. Ransome in a fissure of the Magnesian 
Limestone at Pleasley Vale in Derbyshire, associated with bones of the Wolt, Fox, Roedeer, Vole, &c. (Brit. 
Assoc. Report of Sections, 1866, p.16). It has been described and figured by Messrs. Boyd Dawkins and 
Sanford (Brit. Pleistocene Mammals, part iii. p. 172, 1868), who remark that the geological age of this relic 
cannot be determined with absolute certainty, though they think it may probably belong to the Post- 
glacial period. 
2 Commissio geologica de Portugal. Estudos Geologicos—Primeiro Opusculo—Noticia dcerca das Grutas da 
Césaréda, p. 92, pl. ii. figs. 4,5, 6, 8, 9, 1867. 
3 Two haye unfortunately been recently broken off, 
