MR. A. H.GARROD ON THE MANATEE. 141 
commencement of the colon are, when undisturbed, situated in the left diaphragmatic 
corner of the umbilical region of the abdomen. The following are the lengths 
of the intestinal viscera :— 
Daialibimtestine..teveee ty Ose: 5 RAs Geet, bao Ble 2 
Pprceinieinew NUM ie 8 2 a poROr 8 
Czeca from apices to ileo-ceecal valve 0 35 
Each cecum externally . 0 1; 
The stomach was small in comparison with the size of the animal. The same may 
be also more certainly said of the bifid heart and of the lozenge-shaped spleen. 
The liver has a very peculiar shape, resulting from the very aberrant position of the 
lungs, which much curtail the transverse space usually occupied by that organ. Dr. 
Murie remarks, “ Jn situ, but still more so when removed, the entire liver has great 
resemblance in shape to the inflated lungs of an ordinary mammal.” This accurate simile 
would be even more so if the organ were compared to the lungs of a mammal distended 
with, say, solid jelly, and then cut down by a transverse slice which removed about 
one fourth their bulk from their apices. The liver may be also said to form a cylinder, 
flattened from before backwards, transversely truncated in front, and irregularly excavated 
behind, or on its abdominal surface. The heart rests, with the intervention of a fibrous 
expansion from the diaphragm, on the truncated anterior end of the organ, which 
corresponds to the diaphragmatic surface as-usually described. Its dorsal surface is 
separated entirely from the spinal column by the interpolation of the lungs between 
the two. 
The bulk of the liver is formed’ by the two lateral lobes, between which, at the 
anterior end, are wedged the central lobes, the right of which is considerably the 
larger. The drawings (Pl. XXIX. figs. 1 & 2) will explain this better than any amount 
of description. The suspensory ligament is strong, and the umbilical notch small. The 
right lateral fissure is not deep, and does not extend up to the truncate superior surface, 
whilst the left lateral is considerable and does so, going quite to its vertebral border. 
The caudate lobe is only a slight extension of hepatic tissue along the vena cava: the 
Spigelian is elongate, conical, and directed backwards; it is well seen in the dorsal 
view. ; 
Another peculiarity is a considerable bridge of hepatic tissue, extending, on the 
concave abdominal surface of the liver, from the vertebral portion of the right central 
lobe to the middle of the left lateral lobe. This bridge is not quite half as broad as it 
is long, and it is bent into a semicircle, the convexity of which is directed abdominally. 
With reference to the parts connected with generation, my observations entirely 
agree with those of Dr. Murie so far as the mammary development is concerned. No 
teats were to be found, nor any decided indications of their whereabouts. Just internal 
