264 PROFESSOR W. K. PARKER ON THE 
Example 40. Skull of Geothlypis trichas. Family Mniotiltide. Section Oscines. 
Habitat. Barbadoes. 
A third specimen, type of a third genus of this family, shows on the whole the same 
amount of specialization. 
Its maxillo-palatine (Plate XLVIII. fig. 3, ma.p) is a very narrow, decurved scoop, 
with a curiously bulbous handle. It is worthy of notice that in these small forms 
the vomer is as large, relatively, as in the Struthionide. 
Example 41. Skull of Chlorophanes atricapilla. Family Coerebide. Section Oscines. 
Habitat. Central America. 
In this bird the transpalatine is much longer, and the interpalatine feebler (fig. 4, 
t.pa, i.pa), the palatine isthmus is narrower, the maxillo-palatines (ma.p) less pedate, 
the recurrent cartilage (re. c) shorter, and the trabecular base of the septum nasi (¢r., 
s. n) has wider and shorter ale. The palato-maxillaries (p.ma) are equally distinct, and 
the ecto-ethmoids (e.eth., p.p) as large and as spongy. It is evident, then, that the 
Cerebide and the Mniotiltide are near of kin. 
Example 42. Skull of Vireosylvia olivacea. Family Vireonide. Section Oscines. 
Habitat. Panama. 
In this larger and more strongly built skull the pterygoids are arcuate forwards, 
and the epipterygoid hook is long (Plate XLVIII. fig. 5, pg., epg). The ptery- 
goid is separate from the palatine, and has yielded up the usual mesopterygoid seg- 
ment to that bone. The postpalatine ridges are well developed, and end in a stout 
blunt interpalatine spur as in the last described type (pt.pa., 7.pa); but in this kind 
the preepalatine is broader, the transpalatine bilobate (pr.pa., t.pa), and the palato- 
maxillary is not apparent. There is no evident pneumatic opening into the maxillo- 
palatines (figs. 5 & 6, ma.p), which are large, dentate, pedate, and possessed of a 
thickened inner margin. The large vomer is emarginate, clearly four-membered ; and 
the points of the outer pieces (s.mx) project beyond the cleft between the posterior 
crura. Two more smaller ossicles appear upon the under surface of the inturned 
cartilage (7. a./); and these, with the side piece, make three centres corresponding to the 
lacertian or ophidian septo-maxillary. 
The nasal wall (”. w) only gains the palatine region behind ; so that the large alinasal 
turbinal (a.tb) is freely unveiled below. The expanded subterminal region of the 
trabecule forms a long leafy base to the septum nasi, which is only thickened behind 
(tr., sn); this narrowed part projects below the alate tract, But the most instructive 
part is the recurrent cartilage (re. c), which is very large and ends in two rods, which 
are the actual distal ends of the trabecular bars, normally turned backwards under 
