AXIAL SKELETON OF THE PELECANIDA. 331 
and terminal portion of the pygostyle. This most anterior portion represents, more or 
less completely, at its preaxial end the characters of the forty-second vertebra. 
THE PELVIs. 
The pelvis of the adult consists of fifteen or sixteen vertebre with the ossa 
innominata. Compared with that of Struthio and the other Struthionide it presents 
many contrasts (Plate LIX. figs. 1-3). 
Preaxially viewed, the ilia form a much less steep arch (approximate dorsad at a 
more obtuse angle) than in any of the Struthionide (than even in Dromeus); and the 
ilium, thus seen, is concave on each side. It differs from Struthio and Rhea in that 
the pubis and ischia respectively simply diverge ventrad. 
Postasxially viewed, it differs from the pelvis of all the Struthionide in the wide 
(transversely extended) and dorsally flattened postaxial ends of the ilia; the ilia not 
being laterally compressed and flattened against the sides of the vertebre included 
between their most postaxial parts. 
Laterally viewed, the acetabula are seen to be a little preaxiad of the antero-posterior 
middle of the pelvis, measured from the preaxial end of the ilium to the postaxial end of 
the pubis. The pelvis differs from that of all the Struthionide in that (1) the ilium (7) 
is less vertically expanded in front of the acetabulum, (2) that it is relatively more 
vertically expanded behind the acetabulum, (3) that the ischium (7) is, at its distal end, 
largely united with the ischium. Moreover the ischium extends postaxially beyond 
the ilium more than in any of the Struthionide, except Struthio and Rhea, but about 
as much as in Struthio, though not nearly so much so as in Rhea. 
The pubis (p) extends postaxiad of the ischium much more than in any of the 
Struthionide, except Struthio, which is so exceptional in its family in this respect. 
The pubis is curved as in Struthio, but scarcely ever approximates at its tip to its 
fellow of the opposite side. The obturator-foramen is long and narrow, and shaped 
much as in Struthio, except that its anterior part is not divided off, that division being 
here only indicated by a rudimentary intertrochanteric process of the ischium, which 
does not nearly attain the pubis (Plate LIX. fig. 2, ps). 
In this respect Pelecanus differs from all the Struthionide, except Apterya and 
Dinornis. The pubis has no opposite corresponding process, or a mere rudiment of such. 
There is no ilio-pectineal process, by which Pelecanus differs from all the existing 
Struthionide, if not from Dinornis also. 
No process extends ventrad from the mid ventral margin of the pubis. 
The antero-posterior diameter of the pelvis is rather more than twice its dorso-ventral 
dimension. 
There is an oval sacro-sciatic foramen. There is no such foramen in any of the 
Struthionide, except in Rhea and sometimes in Casuarius. 
VOL. X.—PakT VII. No. 3,—August Ist, 1878. 22 
