518 PROF, J. O. WESTWOOD ON THE URANIID&. 
the representatives of the lost basal portions of the discoidal branches, if these should 
be considered distinct from the two series, postcostal and median. 
In Gastropacha quercifolia there is also the full complement of veins and branches 
Plate LXX XVI. fig. 17); but here the binary system of the branches into postcostal 
and median is still more marked, the branch marked o3* being as completely a 
branch of the median vein as either ¢ 2 or c 3 (in which respect it agrees with Papilio), 
whilst B5* is as completely a portion of the postcostal series as B 5 or B 4, the latter of 
which will be seen to arise at the upper extremity of the discoidal cell. In Gastr. 
expansd, B 4 arises beyond the cell, whilst the basal portion of B 2 and B 3 arises at 
the extremity of the cell (where B 4 arises in G. qguercifolia) ; so that the first postcostal 
branch (B 1) is the only branch arising from the upper margin of the discoidal cell. 
The only other Bombycideous insects which I shall here notice belong to the singular 
genus Epicopeia, Westw. (Arc. Ent. i. pl. 5), founded upon certain Indian moths which 
haye entirely the appearance of some species of Papilio. The late Mr. Edward Double- 
day, to whom I applied for his opinion on the relations of this singular genus, ob- 
served “that it seems to partake of the characters of Papilio, Urania, and that group 
of Bombyces to which B. luna belongs. The last-named species has no bridle to the 
wings, no maxille ; and there is some resemblance in the neuration of the wings. But 
I must confess that I see no real connexion between the two insects. My impression 
is that it must be nearer the Uraniw, some of which, in form, nearly resemble it ; but 
all these have maxille and the discoidal cell of the posterior wings open, and two pairs 
of spines, I think, to the posterior tibie. The one middle spine to the anterior tibie 
is found in some Uranie.” 
In Epicopeia polydora 9 (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 18) we have the full complement 
of the veins of the fore wings arranged almost as in Saturnia certhia, except that the 
second and third postcostal branches arise from the front margin of the fourth branch, 
which, as well as the fifth branch, arises from the upper extremity of the discoidal cell, 
which emits the two discoidal branches and the third median branch from its truncated 
extremity, as in Saturnia certhia. The hind wings are very remarkable, terminating in 
a very broad tail, which is traversed by all the three branches of the postcostal vein. 
Although the relationship of Epicopeia with Urania, pointed out by Mr. Doubleday, 
does not appear to me so strong as it did to him, the nearer relationship of the former 
being, as it seems to me, towards certain of the Chalcosideous Bombycide, it is impos- 
sible not to see that we have in all these insects a proof of the stronger relationship of 
Urania with the Bombyces than with any other of the Heterocera. 
It remains to notice the structure of these insects in their preparatory states, which 
equally supports the opinion advanced above, that the group is to be referred to the 
great division of the Bombyces. The transformations of Urania boisduvalii (U. fernan- 
dine, Macl..) are fully described by Mr. MacLeay in his memoir in the first volume of 
the ‘Transactions’ of this Society. The larva cannot, from his account and figure, 
