594 PSYCHICAL FACULTIES OF ANTS AND OTHER INSECTS, 



From that time on the three marked bees, and those alone, regu- 

 larly returned to the artifacts onl}', pa3'ino- no further attention to the 

 dahlias. It is a very important fact that those marked bees, entirely 

 of their own accord, doubtless because of an instinctive analogical 

 conclusion, discovered the other artifacts as soon as they became 

 mindful of the honey that one of the same contained, and, indeed, 

 in spite of the fact that the artifact was somewhat distant from the 

 others and was differently colored. The dahlias which they previously 

 visited were also of different colors. In this way the blue bee flew to 

 (y^ /i, )\ and S; the yellow one to /^, «', ^, and y; the white one to f, 

 «', /i, and S. For half an hour this went on. The concealed green C 

 was not found, apparently because it was not distinguished from the 

 green foliage. 



At last a bee, who had apparently noticed the othei* three, came of 

 his own accord to S and fed. I colored him carmine. He then flew 

 to (X and drove away tiie blue bee. Another bee was conducted to e 

 and colored with cinnabar. Still another bee came of its own accord 

 to and was colored green. It was 12.2U p. m. ; the experiment had 

 therefore lasted over three hours, and only 6 bees knew the artifacts, 

 while the great multitude yet resorted to the dahlias. Now, however, 

 the other bees began to notice the ones that visited the artifacts. 

 One, then two, then three and more new ones followed and colors 

 failed me for marking them. Ever}^ moment I had to renew the 

 honey. Then I went to dinner, returning at 1.25 p. m. At that 

 moment there were 7 bees in /?, 2 in o', 1 in y, 3 in S^ the white one 

 alone in f; more than half of them new, unmarked followers. From 

 now on a perfect swarm of bees assailed the artifacts and sucked up 

 the last trace of honey. Now, at last, one bee out of the swarm dis- 

 covered the artifact C, which had, although full of honey, remained 

 thus far unnoticed on account of its color. 



Like a pack of liounds attacking a bare skeleton, the swarm of bees, 

 (piite diverted from the dahlias, threw themselves upon the artifacts, 

 now^ totally destitute of honey, and searched ever3vcorner of them in 

 vain for honey. At 1.55 p. m. the bees began to disperse and return 

 to the dahlias. 1 replaced a and /i, respectively, with pieces of white 

 and red paper that not a trace of honey had touched, consequently 

 devoid of its odor. In spite of this, these pieces of paper were visited 

 and searched by many bees, their brain yet occupied with the impell- 

 ing idea of the taste of honey. The white bee, for example, searched 

 the white paper in the most careful manner for three or four minutes. 

 There can here be no question of an unknown force or of an attraction 

 by means of smell or by the beauty of the flowers. These facts can 

 only ])e explained by recollections of space, form, and color associated 

 with recollections of taste. 



