176 MR. ST, G. MIVART ON THE SKELETON OF THE PRIMATES. 
and perhaps on the whole’, resembling Man’s more than does that of any other 
animal. 
If the bone is placed with the glenoid surface vertical, and compared with a similarly 
placed human scapula, the main difference will be seen to arise from the fact that, in 
the Orang, the inferior? vertebral angle is so much less produced downwards, while at 
the same time it extends more backwards, the angle formed by the axillary margin 
with the glenoid surface being only from 110° to 120°, instead of being from 135° to 
140°, as in Man; while the prevailing direction of the vertebral margin, instead of being, 
as in him, nearly parallel with the glenoid surface, forms with it a marked angle open 
downwards. In both these respects Sima agrees more or less closely with Troglodytes ; 
but in the direction of the spine of the scapula, the former genus differs from Man in a 
way opposite to that in which Zroglodytes differs from him ; for the angle (open upwards) 
formed by the spine with the glenoid surface, is from 65° to 70°, and therefore less than 
in Man, in whom it is about 82°; while in Zroglodytes it is from 86° to 100°. Thus 
there is less obliquity in the position of the spine on the blade® than in Troglodytes, 
and the proportion borne by the supraspinous fossa to the infraspinous one* is much 
less, the latter sometimes® predominating more than even in Man. 
The spine commences at the lower end of the uppermost fifth of the vertebral margin 
of the scapula, by a marked flat triangular space, which is sometimes larger both abso- 
lutely and relatively than the same part in Man, thus differing notably from Troglodytes, 
where the triangular surface is very indistinctly marked or absent (Pl. XXXV. fig. 1s). 
The spine, apart from the acromion, forms a more elongated triangular plate of bone 
than in Zroglodytes, and slightly more so than in Man. Its upper surface is in general 
markedly concavo-convex®, and its under surface concave, to a degree never existing in 
Troglodytes, and which would not be found in Man but for the flattened and over- 
hanging free border of the spine. This projecting border is, in Siméia, very rough, the 
roughness continuing backwards almost to the triangular space before mentioned, and 
thus differing from the same part in Zroglodytes (where the roughness is both less in 
degree and less extended) and more resembling that of Man. Simia, however, differs 
from Homo in that this rough free margin is much narrower, and that its lower margin 
much less overhangs the infraspinous fossa‘. 
‘ Professor Huxley says of the Orang, “ the scapula, on the whole, bears a greater resemblance to that of Man 
than it does in either the Chimpanzee or Gorilla’ (Medical Times, 1864, vol. i. p. 565). W. Vrolik also says 
it is “broader and more analogous to the scapula of Man” than in the Chimpanzee (Todd’s Cyclopzdia, 
vol. iv. p. 203). 
* In describing the skeleton of such an animal as the Orang apart from quadrupedal forms, I think it better 
to describe it as if in the erect attitude, and to speak of that as “inferior” which in ordinary mammals would 
be “ posterior.” 3 Duvernoy, Archives du Muséum, 1855, t. viii. p. 24. * Duvernoy, loc. cit. 
» This is especially the case in the variety described as Pithecus morio by Prof. Owen, No. 1179 6 in the 
Osteological Collection of the British Museum. ® Not so in the type of the variety Morio. 
7 Owen, Trans. Zool. Soe. yol. i. p. 364. 
