252 MR. BUSK ON THE REMAINS OF 
about 40 inches. ‘This would be a height rather greater than that which I have assigned 
to E. falconeri, computed from the dimensions of the femur and humerus ; but as in the 
latter, at any rate, the upper epiphysis was not united, the height deduced from those 
bones whose growth was not completed may be regarded as somewhat below the mature 
stature. And it will afterwards be seen, when I come to speak of the pelvis of E. 
falconeri, or what I deem to be such, that that bone also indicates larger proportions 
than those which may be deduced from the humerus and femur, and agreeing very 
closely with those derived from the atlas. I consider therefore that the discrepancy, 
which after all is by no means more than might be looked for in any species of Elephant, 
may be explained upon the supposition that the Zebbug collection contains remains of 
a fully mature E£. falconeri, and of one of younger age and somewhat lower stature, or, 
it may be, of individuals of different sexes,—a supposition for which some support may 
be found in the circumstance that we have in the collection a tusk which from its 
size may be deemed that of a male, whilst at the same time it contains numerous 
bones of extremely young or, perhaps, in some cases, of fetal animals, which must have 
been in immediate dependence upon the mother. 
The present fragment, as I have said, is remarkably perfect, and from it all the infor- 
mation that can be wished for with respect to the atlas is readily obtainable. And it 
is a fortunate circumstance that we are also in possession of a considerable portion of 
the opposite half of the atlas of the larger form, to which I have restricted the name of 
E. melitensis, and which has been already described, although the contrast between the 
two has been reserved to the present place. 
The fragment, from the middle of the inferior tubercle of the ring (which fortunately 
exists) to the point of the transverse process, measures about 2'-5, so that the entire 
breadth of the vertebra was 5'-0. The distance between the outer margins of the two 
anterior articular facets, or what may be termed the transverse diameter of the con- 
dyloid cup, may be estimated at about 3'"3, which of course will be about the transverse 
width at the base of the occipital condyles of E. falconeri, should they ever be met 
with. 
_, The anterior articular facet presents a very shallow and very small sinus on its inner 
border, whilst the outer margin is quite entire and with very little sinuosity. The 
radius of its longest curve is 0°85, and that of the surface for articulation with the 
odontoid process 0-6, whence it may be concluded that that process was rather more 
than an inch in width at the base. It may be observed that the relative proportions of 
the long and short diameters of the anterior facet are exactly the same as in a young 
Indian atlas (No. 2678, R. C. S.), the latter being to the former as 75 to 100; whilst 
in the atlas of HE. melitensis the proportion is as 67 to 100, which, curiously enough, is 
precisely the proportion the facet presents in the African Elephant in the British 
Museum,—and that a similar difference in the same direction, though apparently to a 
considerably greater amount, is seen in the measurements taken from M. de Blainville’s 
