454 Dk. GUNTHER ON THE FISHES OF CENTRAL AMERICA. 
olive, with an indistinct blackish band running from the orbit to a large black spot on 
the middle of the side. Dorsal fin with numerous round whitish spots. 
One specimen, 53 inches long, was found by Capt. Dow in the Lake of Nicaragua. 
Description—The height of the body is contained twice and one-sixth in the total 
length (without caudal), the length of the head twice and three-fifths. Upper profile 
of head straight. Head rather longer than high; cleft of the mouth slightly oblique, 
with the lower jaw rather prominent. Jaws moderately protractile; the maxillary does 
not extend to the vertical from the front margin of the eye. Preorbital as wide as the 
diameter of the eye, which is somewhat less than the width of the interorbital space, 
and more than one-fourth of the length of the head. ‘The eye is situated immediately * 
beneath the upper profile of the head, and a little nearer to the end of the operculum 
than to that of the snout. Scales on the cheek in three or four series; scales on the 
opercles large. The dorsal commences vertically above the scapula; the spinous portion 
has its upper margin convex; the spines are slender and long, the fifth and sixth being 
the longest, one-half of the length of the head. The soft dorsal and anal have the middle 
rays somewhat longer than the others, and reaching to about the middle of the caudal ; 
the soft anal is slightly scaly at the base, the soft dorsal scarcely or not at all scaly. 
Anal spines shorter but somewhat stronger than those of the dorsal. Caudal slightly 
emarginate. — Pectoral very long, slightly longer than the head, and extending nearly to 
the end of the anal. Ventral with the outer ray produced into a filament. The distance 
between the vent and the root of the ventrals is equal to one-third of the length of the 
head. ‘Teeth in the jaws small, cardiform, forming a band, those of the outer series 
being somewhat larger than the others. 
This species is similar to the Mexican //. helleri, but has a considerably longer 
pectoral fin, and also less anal rays. 
166. Heros uroputHatmus. (Plate LX-XII. fig. 1.) 
Giinth. Fish. iv. p. 291. 
D. 7. A.g. L. lat. 28, L: transv. 5/12. 
The fold of the lower lip is continuous in the middle. Scales on the cheek in six 
series. The height of the body is contained twice and a half or twice and a quarter in 
the total length (without caudal), the length of the head nearly three times. Head as 
high as long; snout rather elevated, with the cleft of the mouth oblique and with the 
lower jaw prominent. Preorbital as wide as the orbit; interorbital space flat, wider 
than the orbit. The eye is nearer to the extremity of the snout than to that of the 
operculum. Dorsal spines of moderate length and strength, the length of the twelfth 
being two-fifths of that of the head. The free portion of the tail is higher than long. 
Anal spines strong and long. The distance between the vent and the root of the ventral 
is three-fifths of the length of the head. Brownish- or greenish-olive, with seven blackish 
cross bands, as broad as the interspaces between: the first descending obliquely back- 
