DR. GUNTHER ON THE FISHES OF CENTRAL AMERICA. 465 
high; snout of moderate extent, much longer than the eye, pointed, with the cleft of 
the mouth very oblique, and the lower jaw very prominent. The maxillary reaches 
nearly to the vertical from the anterior margin of the orbit. The width of the orbit is 
not quite one-fifth of the length of the head, and less than the width of the interorbital 
space. ‘The eye is situated near the upper profile of the head, nearer to the end of the 
snout than to that of the operculum. Opercles scaly; suboperculum with two series of 
scales. Vertical fins scaly at the base, their points do not reach the middle of the 
caudal. Caudal rounded. ‘The distance between the dorsal and caudal is somewhat 
less than the depth of the free portion of the tail. Pectoral short, less than two-thirds 
ot the length of the head, and scarcely reaching to the vent; ventral short, pointed, with 
the outer ray produced. The distance between the vent and the root of the ventral is 
more than half the length of the head. 
179. Heros MANAGUENSIS. (Plate LX XVII. fig. 3.) 
D. ig Ag L lat. 32. L. transy. 43/13. 
The fold of the lower lip is continuous in the middle. Snout somewhat pointed, with 
lower jaw prominent. Preorbital with the antero-inferior margin concave, narrow, its 
greatest width being scarcely more than one-half of that of the orbit. Dentition as in 
H. dovii. Scales on the cheek small, rather irregularly arranged, in eight or nine 
series. The first dorsal spine is inserted behind the vertical from the upper end of the 
gill-opening. Dorsal and anal spines of moderate length and strength, the length of the 
twelfth of the dorsal fin being contained thrice and two-thirds in that of the head. 
Greenish brown, shining golden, and irregularly marbled with dark brown. A series 
of quadrangular black spots (probably a band in young examples) runs from the eye to 
a black spot on the root of the caudal, this spot being situated above the lateral line ; 
a brown band descends obliquely from the lower posterior angle of the orbit to the 
lower posterior angle of the operculum. Vertical fins with black spots, each spot 
being half as large as a scale. 
This species is allied to H. friedrichsthalii, salvini, &c.; a single specimen, 7} inches 
long, was found by Capt. Dow in the Lake of Managua. 
Description.—The height of the body is nearly equal to the length of the head, and 
two-fifths of the total length (without caudal). Head longer than high; snout of 
moderate length, somewhat pointed, with the lower jaw prominent, and the cleft of 
the mouth oblique. The maxillary reaches beyond the anterior margin of the eye. 
The width of the orbit is one-fifth of the length of the head, and three-fourths of the 
width of the interorbital space. The eye is situated immediately below the upper 
profile ; its distance from the end of the snout is a little more than half of that from 
the hinder margin of the operculum. Opercles scaly, the scales on the operculum 
larger than those on the cheek; suboperculum with two series of scales. Vertical fins 
