24 VISCOUNT WALDEN ON THE BIRDS OF CELEBES. 
as forming along with Celebes a separate zoological subarea. But I propose in the 
following list to include only those species of birds which are known to inhabit the 
island of Celebes itself. A more definite and more accurate idea of the peculiarities 
of the Celebean ornis will thus be presented, than if genera which occur in the Sula 
Islands were placed side by side with Celebean genera. If we threw together the ornis 
of the Sula Islands with that of Celebes, we should find non-Celebean genera (such 
as Criniger, Ceyx, Platycercus, Pachycephala, and Monarcha) appearing in the list, and 
the really anomalous character of the Celebean avifauna actually existing on the main 
island would thereby be apparently greatly modified. 
Mr. Wallace (op. cit. i. p. 425) has estimated the number of known Celebean species 
of birds at one hundred and ninety-one. I have only been able to add two more to that 
number; yet there are doubtless many more species represented by Celebean examples 
in the museums of Europe. On the other hand, many species have been described as 
possessing a Celebean origin which most assuredly do not occur in the island. 
To give a clear idea of the geographical relation of the Celebean avifauna I have 
thrown its one hundred and forty-eight genera into tables, and classed them according 
to the regions and subregions they may be said to belong to. The geographical cha- 
racter of a genus has been determined according to the area which possesses the pre- 
ponderating number of species. Thus Artamus is classed as an Australian genus, 
because at least thirteen species of it occur within the Australian region, while one 
only is peculiar to the Indian; Arachnothera as an Indian genus, although one species 
is found in New Guinea. 
By means of these tables it will be seen that thirty-seven Indian genera occur in 
Celebes; of these, three are peculiarly Indo-Malayan. 
TasLe I1.—Showing the Indian genera found in Celebes.—N.B. Those peculiar to 
the Indo-Malayan subregion are marked with an asterisk. 
Poliornis. Pheenicophaés. Cyornis. *Prionochilus. 
Spilornis. *Centrococcyx. Myiolestes. Munia. 
Polioaétus. Cranorrhinus. Hypothymis. *Padda. 
Limnaétus. Lyncornis. /Ethopyga. Acridotheres. 
Neopus. Pelargopsis. Nectarophila. Sturnia. 
Lophospiza. Callialeyon. *Anthreptes. Osmotreron. 
Ephialtes. Geocichla. Arachnechthra. Gallus. 
Loriculus. Broderipus. Diceeum. Erythra. 
Yungipicus. Trichostoma. Arachnothera. Rallina. 
Mulleripicus. 
The next table consists of the twenty-three Australian genera which are also Celebean. 
Two of these appear to be peculiar to the Australian subregion'; of the remainder some 
are Papuan, and some extend into the Polynesian subregion. 
* Conf. Sclater, P. Z.S. 1869, p. 125. 
