48 VISCOUNT WALDEN ON THE BIRDS OF CELEBES. 
colouring of the neck is pale tawny, with scarcely any of the bright ferruginous tint 
exhibited by the younger birds. Thus the dark chestnut-brown feathers on the crown, 
occiput, and nape appear more isolated, the much paler hue of the neck-plumage 
forming a greater contrast. In other respects there are no characters whereby the 
younger may be distinguished from the older birds, save the somewhat smaller general 
dimensions, and the form, proportion, and adjuncts of the bill. After the full 
plumage has been acquired, the bill still passes through three very distinct stages of 
structure. In the younger (fig. 1) the casque looks more like an inflation of the 
Fig. 1. 
Cranorrhinus cassidix, g jun. 
culmen than a separate part of the maxilla, so little is it detached. It is swollen 
posteriorly, and already reaches to above the eye. Anteriorly it falls rapidly towards 
