78 VISCOUNT WALDEN ON THE BIRDS OF CELEBES. 
SturNiA, Lesson. 
111. Srurnia? pyrruogenys (Schlegel), Faun. Jap. Aves, p. 86, “ Japan, Borneo” (1842). 
Lamprotornis pyrrhopogon, Schlegel, op. cit. pl. 46. 
Hab. Japan, Borneo (Schlegel); Philippines (Swinhoe, P. Z. 8. 1863, p. 302. no. 217) ; 
Celebes (Salvin). 
Three examples, agreeing in every respect with Japanese individuals, are contained in 
Mr. O. Salvin’s collection; and that gentleman tells me that they were all procured in 
Celebes. Although I have adopted Professor Schlegel’s name, I have little doubt that 
eventually, after comparison has been made with Philippine examples, it will have to 
give way to dominicanus, Bodd., =T. dominicanus, Gm. These similar titles were 
founded on Le Merle dominiquain des Philippines of Montbeillard (Hist. Nat. Ois. 
iii. p. 396), who described it from a Philippine individual obtained by Sonnerat which 
was figured by Daubenton (Pl. Enl. 627. f. 2). | Gmelin’s title has hitherto most 
unaccountably been applied to the Stwrnus dauricus, Pall. Pastor ruficollis, Wagler, 
Syst. Nat. Av. p. 92, ex Manilla, is also clearly a synonym of 7. dominicanus, Bodd. & 
Gm., and not a distinct species as enumerated by Prince Bonaparte. 
One of Mr. Salvin’s specimens has the chin, tips and outer edges of the quills, the 
under and upper tail-coverts, and the rectrices deeply tinged with bright rusty red. 
Traces of this hue appear in other parts of the plumage. ‘This peculiarity in members 
of this group has been remarked upon by Mr. Swinhoe (P. Z. S. 1863, p. 302), and is 
said by him to prevail during the breeding-season. Is the species, therefore, a per- 
manent resident in Celebes ? 
In S. pyrrhogenys. Schlegel, and S. dawricus, Pall., the first quill is longest, and the 
second nearly as long, the third and following quills being much shorter. This indi- 
cates an affinity of these two species to true Stwrnus; and the structure of the tail and 
the metallic hues of the plumage strengthen the evidences of the relationship. The 
form of the bill is peculiar, being short and stout, albeit Stwrnine. On the other 
hand, Oriolus sinensis, Gm., the type of Stwrnia, Lesson, is a true Temenuchus, Cab. ; 
consequently all the species falling under the latter generic title must be referred to 
Sturnia,and Temenuchus will have to be suppressed. A distinct subgenus will probably 
have to be made for S. pyrrhogenys and S. dauricus, and another for the reception of 
the isolated Cingalese form Pastor senex, Temm., =Sturnia albofrontata, Layard. 
Enoprs, Temminck. 
112. EnopEs ERyTHROPHRYS (Temm.), Nouv. Rec. xlv° livr.; Pl. Col. 267, “ Celebes, 
environs de Menado, et dans J’ile Taguatto (1st of May 1824);” Wallace, Ibis, 
1860, p. 141. 
Hab. N.-E. Celebes, confined to the interior mountain districts, never abundant 
(Wallace). 
