VISCOUNT WALDEN ON THE BIRDS OF CELEBES. 105 
189. PELEcANoPUS cristaTUS (Stephens), Shaw, Gen. Zool. contin. Aves, xiii. p. 146, 
“ China, many of the south-eastern islands of Asia” (1825). 
Sterna pelecanoides, King, Surv. Intertrop. Austr. ii. App. Aves, p. 422 (1827); Schlegel, Mus. 
Pays-Bas, Sterne, p. 9. 
velox, Riipp.; S. Miiller, Verhandel. Land- en Volkenk. p. 125. 
bergit, Lichtenst.; Finsch & Hartl. Centralpolyn. p. 216, part. 
Hab. Celebes, female, winter plumage (Morsten); Batchian, Gilolo, Morty, Oby 
(Berstein); Ceram (Forsten); Timor, west coast of New Guinea (8. Miller); Flores 
(Semmelink); coast of W. Australia, Port Essington, Torres Straits (Gould); Mysol 
(Wallace); Java (S. Miller); mouth of the Hoogly, Madras, Malabar coast (Jerdon) ; 
Southern China, Formosa (Swinhoe). 
A race of this species, probably belonging to the Asiatic form, inhabits many of the 
islands still more to the eastward. Messrs, Finsch & Hartlaub (J. ¢.) have united the 
large Sea-Terns of Eastern Africa (S. velox, Riipp.) and of South Australia and Van 
Dieman’s Land (Thalasseus poliocercus, Gould) with the Asiatic and North-Australian 
species, under the title of S. bergii, Lichtenstein, bestowed on a Cape-of-Good-Hope 
individual. Professor Schlegel, in his masterly catalogue (J. c.), keeps these representa- 
tive forms separate, but with much reluctance. With the exception of 7. poliocercus, 
the facts known favour the opinion that the species are severally permanent residents 
in the localities they frequent. Dr. S. Miller, who identified the New-Guinea bird 
with the Red-Sea S. velox, Riipp., states (7. c.) that it is known to the inhabitants of 
the straits and bays of the Lobo district by the name of Ressa. Ata subsequent date 
he appears to have regarded it as a distinct species; for Professor Schlegel cites Sterna 
ressa, S. Miiller, as a synonym. 
PODOCIPID. 
Popicers, Latham. 
190. Popiceps minor (Gm.), 8. N. ed. 13, i. p. 591 (1788); Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, 
Urinatores, p. 45. 
Hab. Panybie (Von Rosenberg). 
According to Professor Schlegel the Little Grebe of Java and Celebes is identical 
with that of Europe; and provisionally I refer the Celebean bird to the European 
species. But judging from the few South-Asiatic examples I have been able to 
compare with European individuals, I am not prepared to admit their identification 
as absolute. For instance, the Javan Little Grebe has an exceedingly stout bill 
which measures seven eighths of an inch in length, the wing being four inches and 
a quarter. The cheeks, chin, and throat are black ; and a dark ferruginous line starts 
from behind each eye, and extends down each side of throat. Thus the Javan bird 
closely resembles the Australian P. gularis, Gould—a species, however, which Professor 
Schlegel does not admit. 
VOL. VIII.—PART U. May, 1872. R 
