DR. J. MURIE ON THE FORM AND STRUCTURE OF THE MANATEE. 171 
coloured, thickish, tough material—mouths of gastric glands being promiscuously 
scattered throughout its surface. A considerable median area has few folds; and this 
smoother space with increment of muscular walls gives the cavity a gizzard-like cha- 
racter. The folds of the greater end are chiefly longitudinal, and at the lesser end 
increase and interdigitate more. The large cardiac diverticular gland is thumb- 
shaped or cylindrical, and perforated in its long axis by a compressed central channel 
with side pockets and sacculi, which wend obliquely and irregularly upwards. With 
the latter there are connected short secondary recesses into which the mouths of innu- 
merable small flask-shaped glands open. Thus in longitudinal section this secerning 
apparatus has a dendritic appearance, whilst cut transversely it exhibits radii whose 
limbs are highly convoluted. The glands secrete abundantly a viscid creamy substance, 
as in the Rhytina and Dugong; but unlike them, as Steller and Owen mention, the 
passages contained no parasitic worms. 
The subequal smaller-sized tubular appendages or cornua, which may be regarded as 
second and third accessory gastric cavities, are situate above and on either side of the 
further extremity of the lessser curve of the first stomach. ‘Their parietes are only 
moderately thick, their internal coat chiefly thrown into longitudinal folds; and the 
two chambers, by thick-walled passages, end together in a pouting enlargement (com- 
parable to the os uteri) at the summit of the fourth gastric compartment. The latter, 
elongate and intestiniform, possesses a series of softish, florid, mucous plications abun- 
dantly glandular, and sinuously longitudinal and furcate. The pylorus is a firm ring. 
The duodenum has a moderate expansion and a relatively smooth inner coat for several 
inches; the pancreatic and common bile-ducts enter wide apart. 
The empty small intestines have an average diameter of rather over half an inch; and 
their muscular coat is uncommonly thick. In the female their length is 25 feet, and in 
the younger male 24 feet 4 inches. Valvule conniventes are absent; but commencing 
near the duodenal loop in the circumference of the gut are five or six longitudinal mucous 
ridges, which, with sinuous lines, ‘continue straight on as far as the ileum. Between 
these are short transverse interdigitations and corresponding depressions. Each short 
Peyer’s patch is from } to 1 inch apart; and, besides being distributed in an opposite 
zigzag manner as obtains in /alicore, they follow straight lines in the long furrows. 
In the ileum the longitudinal rugie frequently fork and pass obliquely to each other ; 
and the short spurs from these enclose in profusion scattered loculi and glands of 
Lieberkiihn. The ileo-cecal orifice is guarded by a powerful tumid muscular sphincter ; 
and there is a pouched ileo-colic agminate gland resembling that of the Giraffe and 
Hippopotamus. The cecal appendages are thick-walled, ridged, glandular within, and 
outwardly look like a pair of conical teats. Lengths 14 and 1? inch and 0°65 inch 
in diameter, and their roots 1 inch from the ileo-cecal valve. At the commencement 
of the colon there is a dilatation for a couple of inches or so, with a diameter of above 
three and a half inches distally, where it is constricted; and then follows a second, but 
