PROFESSOR FLOWER ON THE RECENT ZIPHIOID WHALES. 225 
first three cervical vertebre are anchylosed, the next one is more or less free, and the 
remaining three are anchylosed again.” In another specimen of the same genus lately 
added to the Sydney Museum, the first, second, and third are said to be united and the 
remainder all free (Krefft, MS.). 
The articular surfaces on the atlas for the occiput (fig. 2) are considerably smaller than 
in Hyperoodon, and do not coalesce at their inferior margins. Above the upper end of 
each there is a deep groove for the suboccipital nerve, instead of a foramen as in 
Hyperoodon. 
The coalesced spines of the first and second vertebre are but moderately developed, 
and slope backwards, overhanging the short pointed spine of the third (see fig. 1). The 
transverse process of the atlas is very little developed, and placed low on the sides of 
the bone; it does not unite at its extremity with that of the axis as in Hyperoodon. 
The inferior surface of the conjoined bodies of the first three vertebre has a backward 
projecting compressed tubercle, wanting in Hyperoodon, and probably representing that 
so well developed in the Narwhal and Beluga. 
The axis has two very short transverse processes on each side, compressed from before 
backwards, both placed on the side of the body, the lower one corresponding serially 
with the transverse process of the atlas, and being of about the same length. 
The third has two distinct transverse processes on each side, further apart than those 
of the second, the upper one arising from the upper part of the body and root of the 
arch; the lower one is longer and narrower, and directed downwards and backwards. 
Each of the three following vertebre (figs. 3, 4, and 5) have two transverse processes, 
the upper ones (diapophyses) arising from the pedicle of the arch, rather slender, 
conical, and inclined downwards, in the sixth also somewhat forwards; they increase 
in size from the fourth to the sixth. The lower processes ( parapophyses) arise from the 
inferior outer angle of the body, are thick and massive; that of the fourth vertebra is 
most compressed and longest, while that of the sixth, though scarcely extending laterally 
beyond the body of the vertebra, is greatly developed downwards, forwards, and inwards 
(passing beneath the body of the antecedent vertebra), being, in fact, little more than 
a great development of the inner basal tubercle of the others, and answering to the 
“inferior lamella” of the transverse process of the corresponding vertebra of the 
Carnivora, Ungulata, &c.". 
The seventh vertebra (fig. 6) has only the upper transverse process from the arch, the 
inferior projecting edge of the well-marked articular surface for the head of the first rib 
taking the place of the inferior process. 
The bodies of all these vertebra are broader than they are high. The arches of the 
fourth and fifth are incomplete in the middle line above for a space of more than half 
an inch. The arches of the sixth and seventh are complete, and incline backwards, 
but without any distinct spinous process. 
1 See ‘Introduction to the Osteology of Mammalia,’ p. 22, 1870. 
