PROFESSOR FLOWER ON THE RECENT ZIPHIOID WHALES. 231 
protuberance, representing the deltoid ridge, with a shallow groove below it. Rather 
higher than this, just below the commencement of the expansion for the head, on the 
outer surface of the bone, is a roughened shallow depression. ‘The articular surface 
for the ulna encroaches for a space of 14 inch on the corresponding margin of the 
humerus. 
The radius is a simple narrow flattened bone of almost equal breadth throughout. 
The ulna has more pronounced characters, having a very well-developed, broad, and 
flattened olecranon, with a strongly marked groove in the middle of the outer side of 
its upper border, apparently for the passage of a tendon, and which I have not observed 
in any other Cetacean. The bone is considerably contracted in its upper third, and 
expands moderately towards its lower extremity. 
Both radius and ulna have well-marked epiphyses at either extremity, including the 
whole of the articular surfaces: that of the upper end of the ulna is united to the 
shaft ; but the other three are still separate. ’ 
The carpus (Pl. XXVIII. fig. 10) presents some unusual features in the mode of union 
of its several elements with each other. All the bones which are met with in Hyperoodon 
and the other Ziphioids appear to be present and well ossified. There is thus one bone 
more (viz. the magnum) than in the ordinary Dolphins and in the Sperm- Whale. 
The scaphoid (s) and the lunar (/) have almost completely united, though a groove 
shows their original limits. The cuneiform (c), which is the largest bone of the carpus, 
is united at its outer edge with the unciform (wu); and a long bone to the distal side of 
which the second and third metacarpals are articulated, represents the magnum (m) and 
the trapezoid (td) coalesced as in the skeleton of Mesoplodon sowerbyi at Brussels. 
The bone, of the distal row, most to the radial side might well be considered the 
trapezium; but it represents the bone which, in other Cetacea, has been considered, 
with good grounds, to be the first metacarpal. Excluding this, the number of carpal 
bones are reduced by ankylosis to four. The arrangement on the two sides is precisely 
similar. 
The second and third digits are of nearly equal length, the fourth (JV) not much 
shorter; the fifth (V) is well developed and stands considerably apart from the others ; 
the first (Z) is very small and adpressed. The phalanges were artificially articulated 
before they came under my observation; and some of the smaller terminal ones are 
probably missing; but the numbers present are, including the metacarpals, in the first 
digit 2, in the second 5, in the third 4, in the fourth 4, in the fifth 3. 
Dimensions of the Bones of the Right Pectoral Limb. 
inches. 
Scapula.—Height from middle of superior border to middle of external 
marparor slenoidifossakwlt, ee ssl si Aadtgdainsiin. o. 14 
Length of anterior border, from anterior superior angle to 
anterior margin of glenoid fossa. . . . . . . « . 18 
