252 DR. J. MURIE ON THE ORGANIZATION OF THE CAAING WHALE. 
enormous mass which has attachments to the skull behind the articulation to the stylo- 
hyal, and, partially covering the ramus of the mandible, is therein narrowly inserted at 
its fore part. This apparently agrees with the depressor maxille inferioris of Carte 
and Macalister. 
Beneath the last is what I presume is the representative of stylo-glossus. his like- 
wise is of a long wedge-shape. Posteriorly broad, it occupies nearly all the antero- 
inferior edge of the stylohyal, and advancing and narrowing is fixed by a tendon betwixt 
the side of the mandible and tongue. Essentially similar in other genera of Whales’. 
The hyo-glossus in G. melas I found partly double. Its smaller outer head arises 
from about the middle of the stylohyal; its larger broader head springs from the 
front border of the thyrohyal, deeper than and partly outside the genio-hyoid. The 
two bellies converge, run side by side, and amalgamate about the middle of the tongue, 
the fibres dipping into the substance of the latter. Stannius’ says that in the Porpoise 
the united hyo-glossus and hyo-pharyngeus springs broadly from the anterior part of the 
body of the hyoid and from the fore border and upper surface of the lower corner. 
The first thicker portion goes to the tongue’s root along with the stylo-glossus; the 
other proceeds outwards and upwards to the posterior or upper edge of pharynx. One 
origin, a round fleshy mass from the great cornu of the hyoid bone, is given to the hyo- 
glossus by Carte in Balenoptera. 
The pair of strong genio-hyoidei, which lie parallel to each other, run straight from 
the basihyal forwards to the mandibular symphysis. The genio-hyo-glossi are an 
expanded sheet, whose bundles of fibres from the inferior median raphe run upwards, 
forwards, and outwards in sweeping lines, intermingling with the lingualis or intrinsic 
muscle of the tongue. Posteriorly the genio-hyo-glossi are fixed to the ceratohyals and 
partially to the basihyal rostrum. 
IV. ORGANS SUBSERVIENT TO DeGLUTITION AND DIGESTION. 
1. Cavity of the Mouth, Dental Armature, and Pharynx.—The absence of baleen in 
the cavity of the mouth of the Pilot Whale necessarily gives quite a different aspect to 
it, compared with the mouth of the Whalebone species. No view of the Toothed 
Whale’s mouth has hitherto been published; that which I furnish (fig. 5) was drawn 
from the fresh specimen, and therefore ought to give a fair idea of the buccal cavity. 
The dimensions of the original were :—Distance from the tip of the mandible to the 
angle of the mouth 113 inches, and the widest stretch or depth of gape at symphysis — 
63 inches; the roof of the mouth antero-posteriorly is above 7 inches. 
The soft palate, excepting behind, is of a sooty-black colour, dense or firm to the 
touch, fibrous in structure, and firmly adherent to the bone. There is a middle flat 
portion similar to the tongue in shape, or lanceolate; and this has a breadth behind 
of 3:7 inches, and narrows anteriorly to 0°5 inch. Running round on each side of this, 
* Rapp, p. 182; Stannius, p.8; and Carte & Macalister, p. 231. ? Le. p. 8: 
