MADREPORARIA OF THE DEEP SEA. 315 
The corallum is elongate, subcylindrical, and either straight or slightly curved. ‘The 
wall is smooth and shining in its lower two thirds; and in the upper third there are 
small subequal costa, which project very slightly. The calice is subcireular. The 
columella is fasciculate, and is formed of a small number of slender “ tigelles.” There 
are four cycles of septa; but in three systems one of the halves is deprived of the septa 
of the fourth and fifth orders, The septa are thin, and only slightly thickened 
externally. The pali are narrow and thick. 
One of the specimens dredged up from No. 17 a, 740 fathoms, and off the Portuguese 
coast, is evidently closely allied to the Cretaceous form. It has all the peculiarities 
of Caryophyllia cylindracea, and differs from it in having the varnished-looking wall 
(epitheca) continued up to the calicular margin, and in having the septa rather 
stouter and the pali thicker. These are not specific distinctions in a genus which is 
most variable; and therefore I have retained the specific name, and have considered 
the existing form a variety of the Cretaceous type. 
CARYOPHYLLIA CYLINDRACEA, Reuss. (Plate XL. figs. 5-8.) 
“ Variety «. With prolonged epitheca, thicker septa and pali. 
Three dead specimens of an allied form were dredged up from the “ Channel slope s 
(No. 9, 539 fathoms); and one is sufficiently well preserved to be drawn. It is a variety 
of the Cretaceous form; and the epitheca does not reach higher than in the type, but 
the pali are much thicker. 
“ Variety 8. With very thick septa and pali (figs. 9-12). 
 CARYOPHYLLIA AByssoruM, Duncan. (Plate XL. figs. 1-4.) 
The corallum is elongate and slightly curved. It has a broad base and a long cylin- 
drical pedicel, which gradually enlarges into a turbinate upper part. 
The coste are distinct from the base to the calice, and are larger and broader towards 
the calicular end. The cost of all orders are equal and are granular. 
The epitheca is finely granular, and is difficult to distinguish from the wall. ‘The 
septa are thick, close, unequal; and the larger are exsert. They are granular, and are 
ornamented by radiating ridges. ‘There are four cycles of septa, but the fourth and fifth 
orders are absent in some half-systems. 
The pali are rounded, narrow, tall, and wavy, and have lateral swellings. 
The columella is small, deeply situate, and is composed of eight or nine projecting 
and twisted processes. 
The calice is elliptical in outline, and the margin is thick, the fossa being rather 
deep. 
Height of corallum +4 inch; length of calice 7g inch. 
Dredged up from 1095 fathoms (No. 17, 2nd expedition), and had not been dead any 
great length of time. 
