XXX 



ETHNOGRAPHIC SKETCH. 



CAMPING PLACES AND OTHER LOCALITIES AROUND UPPER KLAMATH LAKE. 



Places situated on the lake are as 



SkohnAslikj, commonly called Kobasbti, 

 KubuAsbti by Americans and Indians, 

 "starting place of canoes, boats." For- 

 merly location of tbe United States 

 Agency; now numbering four or five 

 Indian lodges. 



Tulisb, fishing place near tbe outlet of 

 Williamson River: "spawning place." 



T6kna or Tukua, near the outlet of Will- 

 iamson River. From this the neighbor- 

 ing i)art of tbe lake is sometimes called 

 Tukua Lake. 



Nilaksbi: lit. "dawn of day;" is now used 

 to designate Modoc Point also, though it 

 properly refers to the Nilaks mountain 

 ridge only. 



A-ushme, an island in the lake near Modoc 

 Point. 



follows: 



Shuyake'ksi or "jumping place." 



I-uialc'nia, or Yidaloiian, Link River above 

 the falls at Linkville; lit. "rubbing, mov- 

 ing to and fro." Tbe name was after- 

 wards transferred to the town of Link- 

 ville, which is also called Tiwishje/ni 

 "where the cascade noise is." 



U^otuash, name of an island near Link- 

 ville. 



Wtlkaksi Spi'iklisb, a ceremonial sweat- 

 lodge on west side of tbe lake. 



Kumbat " in the rock»." Locality on west- 

 ern side of lake, c.dled Rocky Point. 



Liikuashti "at the hot water." Name for 

 the hot sulphuric springs about half a 

 mile east and northeast of the town of 

 Linkville, and of some others west of 

 that town. 



EMINENCES AROUND UPPER KLAMATH LAKE. 



Of" the majority of these names of hills and mountains I could not 

 obtain the English name, the usual excuse being that they had only Indian 

 names. 



Iv Cascade Range: 



Giwash, or Gewash, Mount Scott; Giwash 

 6 usb, Grater LaKe, in a depression west 

 of ]\Iount Scott. 



Kukume'kshi "at the caves or hollows;'' 

 northwest of the Agency. 



KakAsam Yaina "mountain of the great 

 blue heron;" northwest of Agency. 



Mo'dshi Yaina or Long Pine; lit. "on the 

 large mountain;" mo'dshi or mu'nptcbi 

 is a compound of the adjective miiui, 

 great, large. 



Mbd-usb Shnekash "bosom burnt through,'' 

 legendary name of a mountain located 

 west southwest of the Agency; mb4-usb 



* here refers to a piece of buckskin serv- 

 ing to rover tbe bosom. 



Ke'sh yaiuatat, Mount Pitt, a high mount- 

 ain lying southwest of the Agency. The 

 ModocscallitMelaiksi "steepness;" the 

 Klamath Lake term signifies "snow on 

 tbe mountain," snow-capped peak. Only 

 in the warmest month.s Mount Pitt is free 

 of snow. 



Tiljo-it, an eminence south of Mount Pitt; 

 lit. "drip water." 



Wi'ikaksbi, Kii'kashti, Tchiutcbiwasamtch, 

 mountains bordering the southwestern 

 portion of Upper Klamath Lake. 

 On the east shore of the lake: 



Wdtanks, a hill on southeastern side of the 

 lake. 



Kalalks, hill near Captain Ferree's house, 

 south of the Nilaks ridge. A ceremonial 

 Rweatlodge stands in the vicinity. 



