XXVlll 



ETHNOGRAPHIC SKETCH. 



transitory camps are marked by frail willow lodges (Idtchash, stina'sh) or 

 other liglit structures. Indian camps are as a rule located near rivers, 

 brooks, marshes, springs, or lakes. Hunters generally erect tlieir lodges in 

 convenient places to overlook a considerable extent of territory. 



In the lists below the order in which the localities are mentioned indi- 

 cates tlie direction in which they follow each other. I obtained them from 

 the two interpreters of the reservation, Dave Hill and Charles Preston; 

 and as regards the old Modoc country, from Jennie Lovwer, a Modoc girl 

 living in the Indian Territory, who remembered these places from her youth. 

 The gramniatic analysis of the local names will in many instances be found 

 in the Dictionary. 



CAMPING PLAOBS ON KLAMATH MARSH. 



The permanent dwellings upon this marsh have all been abandoned; 

 but the Modocs and Klamath Lakes, together with some Snake Indians from 

 Sprague River, resort there annually, when the pond-lily seed and the ber- 

 ries ripen, for a period of about six weeks. Its shores were permanently 

 inhabited in 1853, when visited by the United States exploration party under 

 Lieutenants Williamson and Abbott, and even later. Dave Hill's list below 

 follows the localities in their topographic order from northeast to southwest 

 and along the southeastern elevated shore of the marsh, which at some places 

 can be crossed on foot. A few rocky elevations exist also on the northeast 

 end of the marsh. 



Kata'gsi "stumpy bushes." 



TilktaklisbUslii ''reddish spot." 



Yauke.Iam Laslii "eagle wiug." 



Ya.sh=Laina'ds "projecting willow." 



Spi'iklish Lawish "sweat lodge on promon- 

 tory." 



MbAknalsi "at the withered tree." 



Knuit(!hiiyiiksi "at the old man's rock;" 

 a man-shaped rock formation near the 

 open waters of the niar.sh and visible at 

 some distance. 



Lalawas^e'ni ".«laty rock." 



Takt^isii "cricket noise." 



T.«4.sam Pewas "skunk's dive." 



Ktai=Wasi "rocky hollow." 



Su41sxeni "at the rock-pile." 

 Liilpakat "chalk quarry." 

 Kajiga'k.si "dwarf-pine thicket." 

 Wdptas^jini "water moving through ponds 



perceptibly." 

 Tchokeam Psisb " pumice-stone uose." 

 Kaksi "raven's nest." 

 Iwal " land's end." 

 Luyiinsti "within the circle." 

 Yaiikelam Stiolash "eagle nest." 

 Tchikas=\Val:ikish "bird- watch;" secreted 



spot where hunters watch their feathered 



game, 

 Tnilkat "at the small rail pyramid." 

 Awaluash^'e'ni "at the island." 



