Ixvi ETONOGRAPHIC SKETCH. 



cemetery was iiiaugui-uted between the Williamson River and Modoc Point, 

 one mile and a half" south of the bridge. 



President U. S. Grant's peace policy in regard to the Indians was 

 inangnrated by act of" Congress dated April 10, 18Gi). The supervision of 

 the Indian agencies was placed in the liands of the authorities of religious 

 denominations, a board of commissioners appointed,* and tlie spiritual in- 

 terests of that reservation turned over to the Methodist Church. 



SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES ON THESE INDIANS. 



The study of the ethnography of a tribe usually precedes that of its 

 language; sometimes both are pursued simultaneously, and this is undoubt- 

 edly the correct method. In the case of the Maklaks, Horatio Hale,t the 

 hnguist of Ch. Wilkes's United States Exploring Expedition (1 838-1 842), 

 and .still holding forth as a pioneer in his lines of research, took down a 

 vocabulary from a Klamath Lake Indian whom he inet on the Columbia 

 River in 1841. No ethnographic remarks upon the tribe accompany this 

 vocabulary, probably because information obtained from interpreters, who 

 speak the Chuiook jargon only, is notoriously unreliable. 



Next in time follow the extensive explorations of John Charles FrtmontJ 

 of the interior basin west of the Rocky Mountains and of the Pacific coast 

 from 1843 to 1844, and again from 1845 to 1846, during which the 

 Klamath Lakes and Klamath Marsh were visited and explored. His re- 

 ports contain graphic sketches of all that was seen and observed by his 

 parties ; but scientific accuracy is often wanting, and many countries are 

 described without giving the Indian local names, which are indispensable 

 to identification. 



The acquisition of the Pacific coast by the United States (California 

 in 1846, Oregon in 1848) naturally suggested projects of connecting the 

 two oceans by a transcontinental railroad, starting from the Mississippi 

 River and reaching to the Bay of San Francisco. The Central Govern- 



*Cf. Revised Statutes of the United States, second edition, 1S78, p. 359. 

 tBorn in Newport, New Haiiipsbire, in 1817. 



J Born at Savannali, Georgia, .January 21, 1813; candidate for the Pre.sidency of 

 tlie United States in 18.")r.; died in New York City, July 1.3, 1890. 



