THE MODOO WAE. 45 



Jack, and the original forms of the other three names are Skontchish, Shlakci'tatko, 

 Ndsakiaks. (See Dictionary.) Captain Jack denied having put his name to the treaty 

 of sale, his refusal being from repugnance to quitting the ancient home of his tribe on 

 Lost Kiver and on the lakes, where the remains of so many of his ancestors had been 

 buiied. Moreover, the Modocs abhorred the vicinity of the Klamath Indians at IModoc 

 Point. That Jack should have himself signed his name to the treaty is simply an im- 

 possibility, for none of the Modocs was able to write. The treaty preserved in the 

 agent's ofiBce at Klamath Agency does not even show crosses, other marks, or toteniic 

 signs, as substitutes for signatures ; but the proper names are written by the same 

 clerical hand which engrossed the text of the treaty. 



34, 6. The words kai hu, itpa and hu pe'na would in the Klamath Lake dialect be 

 substituted by : a hu't, <5pka, hu'k jj'na. 



34, 8. The conjurer (ki-uks), who objected to the presence of Eiddle (gen) iu the 

 capacity of an interpreter, was Skontchish, called John Schonchiu by the whites. He 

 was the brother of the present Modoc subchief at T4neks, seems to have exercised 

 more influence over his tribe than Jack himself, and through his unrelenting fanaticism 

 was considered the leader of the faction of extremists in the Modoc camp. 



34, 9. g^ntge stands for the more commonly used g^ntki. 



34, 10. i-amna, iyamna, to seize, gTasp, refers to a plurality of objects of long 

 shape, as guns, poles ; speaking of one long-shaped object, uyamna is used. 



34, 11. kie, so, thus, stands for kek or ke' of the Klamath Lake dialect. 



34, 16. k^dsha, kitcha, the adverb of kitchkAni, little, small, refers to hemkank- 

 atko, and not to tino'li. 



34, 18. Mbu'shan, etc. The return of the Modocs is referred to in Agent Knapp's 

 report in the foUowing terms (Ind. Aff. Eep. 1870, p. 68) : "On Dec. 18, 1869, the super- 

 intendent (Mr. Meacham) and myself, accompanied by Dr. McKay, J. D. Applegate 

 and others, visited the Modocs off the reservation at their camji on Lost River, for the 

 purpose of inducing them to return to the reserve. After talking for ten days they 

 consented to return, and on Dec. 30 we returned to the reserve with -58 Indians. 

 Blankets, &c., were issued to them, the same as to the other Indians, on Dec. 31. They 

 remained quietly on the reserve until April 26, when I stopped issuing rations ; then 

 they left without cause or provocation ; since that time they have been roaming around 



the country between Lost Eiver and Yreka The old Modoc chief, Schowschow 



[should read : Skontchish], is still on the reserve, and has succeeded in getting 67 of 



his people to return and I have located them at Camp Yia-nax The Kla- 



maths have made a large number of rails for their own use, also 5,000 for fences re- 

 quired at agency." The old Modoc chief alluded to is the brother of John Skontchish. 



34, 19. The locality assigned as the permanent home of the Modocs was near the 

 base of a steep promontory on the eastern .shore of Upper Klamath Lake, since called 

 after them "Modoc Point". It is an excellent spot for hunting water fowls and for 

 fishing in the lake, but the compulsory presence of the rival Klamath tribe made it 

 hateful to the Modocs. Many excavations made for the Modoc lodges are visible there 

 at present. Here they lived first in the lodges of the Klamath Indians, after Meacham 

 moved them to this spot in 1869. After the first complaint made by Kintpuash or Capt. 

 Jack, Agent Knapp removed them about 400 yards from there, away from the lake ; 

 and the third locality assigned to them was about one mile fmther north. Then, after 



