56 HrSTOKICAL TEXTS. 



g-anidnash 6 wiig'n lupatkuela. Shellualshe'mi huk kad shdllual ; hukt 



Hinall l)oy he a wagon pasaeil over the face. In tlio war he bravijly fnuiilit- he 



(was) • ' 



nanukdnash lahlkiasli Avi'niazian shdllual. Modoki'shash shudnksht lahl- 



al'the chitl'a surpassing he fi)ugbt. (When) the Modoca munlered therenco 



3 kiash Tchigtchi'ggam=Lupatkudlatko k<i-i shana-uli tiila .slmdiiksh. Hii 



Coinmis- " Wagon-Scaifaced " uot wanted alonj; to assassinate. He 



"'""«■'! (with lh(;m) 



la'p B6shtiii laMkiash vii'l^in Kela-ushAlpkash=Yaindkishi, lapgni tA-unep 



two AmoriCiiu officers defeated Sand coviTcd llillai, twenty 



piin la'p pd-ula mdklaks i-amnatko; Idpuk B6shtin lalAkiash shudnka. Pen 



"'"' two Indiana havini; with him ; both American commanders ho killed. Again 



6 na'dsliash sbelluAlshgishi pnk mdklakshash bi'ushga k4-i ndnuk slui'ld- 



(OD) one (of the) ballle-fields his Indian men he ordered not all the sol- 



sliash na'sh waitak shudnktgi. 



diers on one day to kill. 



]S"OTES. 



54, 1. ketchkdne or kltclikdni m. g. is a queer way of expression for the more 

 common gii'ilj^a: "was born". 



54, 1. Yii aga koke is the present name of the locality on Williamson Eiver where 

 the Government bridge was built since her infancy, about one mile from tlie mouth of 

 the river. Williamson River is simply called Koke, "river", and on its lower coui-se 

 resides the largest portion of the i^-ukshikni or Lake People. 



54, 1. Yamatkni'sham, E-ukshiknisham, etc., are forms often mot with, though 

 luigrammatic; the correct forms are Yamatkisham, E-ukshikisham, Modt)ki.sham, etc. 



54, 2. T'.shikka means simply "old man". He was still living in 1870. 



54, 5 etc. The event described in these lines took place on one of the raids which the 

 Klamaths and Modocs undertook every year before the gathering of the pond-lily seed 

 against the California tribes on Pit River, for the pui-pose of making slaves of tlieir 

 females. If the numbers of Indians enslaved, wounded, and killed are correct, the raid 

 of 1857 must have been of unusual magnitude, as will be seen by comi)aring the state- 

 ments of Dave Hill in another portion of our texts. Among the horses stolen was a 

 tine saddle-horse belonging to Toby, and this theft may have stirred her personal feel- 

 ings of revenge to the utmost degree. After her successful charge at the head of her 

 l>raves, she did not allow the fallen Pit Eiver Indians to be scalped. 



54, 9. ti)udsh^. The accent rests on the last syllable because the particle hti has 

 coalesced with the terminal -a: tpu'dsha M. HA is equivalent to "with their own 

 hands"; hi'i li'iyamna, I hold in my hand. Many other verbs are occasionally accented 

 in the same manner, as itd, shnukd, lakial4. 



54, 12. yimeshg4palan ; through a difference in the prefix, the Klamath Lake 

 dialect would say t'meshgdpalank. 



54, r.i. See Meacham, Winema, p. 32 sq., who speaks of three dead enemies only. 



55, 1. 2. Mr. Elijah Steele, Superintending Agent of Indian Aflairs for the Northern 

 District of California, met in council the Klamath Lakes, the jModocs, and three tribes 

 of Shasti Indians, ^^ith tlieir chiefs, near Yreka, on April 14, 18(54 (not 18(i2), and to his 

 mediation was due the peace-treaty between these tribes, including also the Pit River 

 Indians (who had not sent any deputies), published in Ind. Afl'. Report for 1864, pp. 

 100, no. Toby does nol figure among the interpreters at this council; but there are 



