BIOGKAPHIG ^JOTlCES. 57 



two other names of "interpreter for the Modocs": H. K. White and T. S. Ball. The 

 raids on the Shasti Indians were mainly undertaken for horse-stealing, and the hostile 

 feeling between them and the Klamaths and Modocs was never very intense, since 

 frequent intermarriages took ijlace. Cf. Steamboat Frank's biographic notice : 55, 9. 



55, 1 and 3. Tii-uni. Every town is termed so, as Linkville, Ashland, Yreka; San 

 Francisco or Portland would be mu'ni td-uni. In this connection, Treka, Siskiyou Co., 

 California, is meant. Cf. also 54, 4. Ta-uni has the inessive postposition -i sufiixed, 

 and means in a toivn, near a town, or : the country around a toicn. 



55, 4. =gitkash is an ungrammatic form standing for =gipkash. 



55, 3-7. Meacham, Winema, p. 34, speaks of an affray in which Toby interfered in 

 a perfectly similar manner, though the names of the combatants differ, and the end of 

 the fight was not extei-mination, but personal friendship. 



55, 8. Tchima'ntko means "widower". 



55, 10. Had Steamboat Frank, with his fifteen warriors, succeeded in entering from 

 the south across Lost Eiver into Klamath reservation, near Ydneks, and in surrender- 

 ing there, this would have saved him from further prosecution, as he thought. 



55, 12. For uyamnatko and iyamnatko, see Notes to Modoc war, 34, 10. 



55, 13. The sentence sh^llualsh tads etc., refers to the vote taken by the tribe a 

 few days before the ominous eleventh day of April. Thirty warriors voted for continu- 

 ation of the war, thirteen voted for peace; cf. 40, 1. 2. 



55, 13. hi means in the interest of the tribe and its independence. See Notes to 

 Modoc war, 37, 1. 



55, 14. He went with the American troops in the quality of a scout. Nothing illus- 

 trates the real character of some Indian wars as well as this instance : an Indian who 

 has fought with the most decided bravery against the enemy of his tribe, is ready, as 

 soon as the chances of war run against his chief, to sell himself for a few coins to the 

 enemy, body and soul, and then to commit iipou his own chief the blackest kind of 

 treason. Cf. Modoc war, 44, 2. 



55, 14 etc. From the verbal stiltish depends the sentence : kd-i kshaggayu4pkash 

 huk shiu'ga (or: shiugAtki), and from ka-i shiu'ga depends kaigiuga. This is the 

 verbal causative of kaihia, to hunt for or in the interest of somebody, and the indirect 

 object of it is shu'ldshilsh : " for the troops". Hidv in huk shiu'ga refers to Steamboat 

 Frank, not to Captain Jack ; were it so, hunk would be the correct form, pointing to 

 somebody distant. 



55, 17. stut;^dmpkash, to be derived from stii, sto : way, road, passage ; meaning- 

 passage-way of the ^'oice through the throat. 



55, 21. 56, 1. The pronoun hn', he, appears here imder the form of o'. 



56, 1. Scarface Charley was run over by a mail- stage, and obtained his name from 

 the scar resulting from that casualty. For sheUualshe'mi there is a form shelluashe'mi 

 just as common. 



56, 1. 2. Scarface Charley surpassed all the other Modoc chiefs in skiD, strategy 

 and boldness ; he was the engineer and strategist of the Modoc warriors, and furnished 

 the brains to the leaders of the long-contested struggle. 



56, 3 etc. Hu la'p etc. The two commandex's referred to were Capt. Thomas and 

 Lieut. Wright. Cf. Modoc war, 43, 7-12 and Notes. 



56, 7. nS'sh waitak for : na'sh waita ak : on one day only, on a single day. 



