PHONOLOGY. 213 



k ;is in kick, kettle, core; German kennen, Koter ; French coque, soc; 



Spanish cavar, quedar, querir. 

 k pronunciation given on p. 209. 



X not occurring ill English, French, or Itahan; German ch after a, 



in Bach, lacheit, flach, Nacht; Scotch loch; Spanish brujo, dejar. 



This sound has nothing in common with the Enghsh x. 

 1 same in all languages. 



m same in all langnasres 



mb as in nimble, stumble; German Stammbaum. 



mp as in imp, thnmping ; German Bmnpf; Italian stampa. 



n same in all languages. 



nd as in stand, asunder, squander ; German Runde; French amende. 



ndsh the palatal dsh nasalized. 

 ng as in cling, rang, singing, not as ng in finger; German hangen, 



springen. 

 nk as m. prank, spunk; German trdnken ; French cinquante. 



nk the lingual k nasalized. 



r\% the aspirated guttuial nasalized. 



nt as in rent, want; German druntcn, Lunte ; French crainte, ereinter. 



o short and clear, as in oracle, proxy ; German Hopfen, Stoppel; French 



folle, sotfe ; Spanish pelofa, rodilla. 

 o longer sound of o, as in note, roast, rope; German Koth, Moor, roth; 



French eau, Ster, sauter. 

 o as in bird, burn, surd; German losen, stromen; French _^eMr, seid. 



p same in all languages. 



p' explosive p, described on p. 216. 



s as in seek, sore. ; German Sack; French salle. 



sh as in shell, shingle; German schicken, Schutz ; Fi'ench chercher, echoir. 



t same in all languages. 



t' alveolar and explosive t; explained on p. 216. 



tch as in charred, chicken, catch; Gei-man hdtscheln, Klatsch; Italian 



. cicerone, cielo; Spanish hacha. 

 u as \n forsooth, truth; German Gruss, muss; French hup, sous, ecrou; 



Spanish luna, una. 



