214 GRAMMAB OF THE KLAMATO LANGUAGE. 



u longer sound of u, as in nude, bloom, loom; German Uhr ; French 



cour, sourd. 

 u deep, as in pun, ruff, slum; German krumm, ScJiuft, Stunde; Italian 



lunffo. 

 ii not in English, Spanisli, or Italian; German Diine, suhrieu; French 



lime, nu, sucre. 

 V as in velvet, vivid; German Wesen, wirJcen; French veau, vont. 



w is the u before the vowel a, as in water, walk, watch; in German it 



corresponds to short u before vowels; nearly ou in French out, 



ouate. 

 z as in sine, frozen; German Hase; French zero, ziffzafj. 



The Englisli x is rendered by gs or ks, the Germ;in z 1)}- ds or ts; 

 according to the nature of their components 



More examples for the pronunciation of the above sounds will be found 

 in Dictionary, pp. 6-8. 



For the pronunciation of diphthongs see the statements made on p. 208, 

 and the examples given in Dictionary, p. 8. The difference between ai 

 and ei can be shown to best advantage by quoting Gei'man words: 



ai as in Kaiser, Bain, Haiduck. 



ei as in heiser, leise, reiten, schleichen. 



The pronunciation of the other diphthongs not mentioned in Diction- 

 ary, p. 8, can be easily inferred from that of the vowels which compose 

 them. Adulterine diphthongs are hyphenized, as in a-i, f-a, i-a, i-u, u-i. 



GRAPHIC SIGNS. 



- arrested sound, a pause brought about by the altered position of the 



vocal organs; t-dpa species offish, k-lewidsha to quit, depart. 



' apostrophe marking elision of a vowel, of 6, or any other sound : 



k'ldwi to cease, for kgldwi; 'mpetlal6na to float down stream, for 

 ampetlal6na ; met'tAms^a to excavate between or near, etc. The 

 apostrophe also stands before h, when not beginning- a syllable. 

 hiatus, separating two vowels as belonging to two different sylla- 

 bles : me-utkish digging tool, sha-apd-a to provoke. 



