THONOLOGY. 231 



iiA-ash, nash, thus, so, for lui-asht, na'sht. 



na we; a ye, Mod. for na't, na'd; at. 



kalo dear sky, for kalo-u, as seen by the inflection. 



Of ini for i mi, 59, 9; turn before consonants, 13, 14. 19, 1. 20, 19. 



10. Apocope of syllahles. — In the conversational form of language these 



apocopes are frequent and often very -puzzling, as l%al;fam luli- 

 nasli instead of l7al;iamnishti lulinash in 74, 10. Ex.: 



nakant cominy from everywhere, for ndkantkni. 



gunigshta on opposite side of, for gunigshtana, with many other pre- 

 and postpositions, as wiga't, etc. 



paha, n/itsa dried, partic. pass, for pahatko, n^itsatko. 



maklaks laki tribal chief, for maklaksam laki. 



yiiyalks=shitk -wretched-lookiny, for yuyalkishasli=shitko. 



C. — Contractioit and dilatation of phonetic elements. 



Here, as well as in other tongues, contraction i.'< chiefly limited to vo- 

 calic sounds, and although Klamath seeks rather than avoids hiatus, there 

 are instances enough of two vowels becoming contracted into one. A special 

 sort of vocalic contraction is the weakening of a vowel into the primitive 

 vowel e, generally when unaccented. Instances of consonantic synseresis 

 are M(')atokish for M6atok=gish, tatAtli for tat-tatli, kii'kiikli for kak-kii'kli, 

 shuluaktcha for shuluakt-tcha, etc. 



Dilatation or expansion of the vowels of a word is called diaeresis; that 

 of consonants is usually gemination or redoubling. 



1 1. Synaercsis, or "gathering up," as the name has it, is a figure drawing to- 



gether vowels inio one sound (eventually into a diphthong) to avoid 

 hiatus. This coalescence of distinct vocalic sounds is quite fre- 

 quent and usually produces long vowels, whether accented or not. 



ga'shtish door of lodyc, for kii-ishtish. 



talak, d. tatalak straiyltt otd, for tdlaak etc. 



ke'sh rattlcs)/ake, for ke-ish, ^e-ish. 



nge'sh arrow, shengil'sha to shoot at inieself for ng^-ish, shenge-isha. 



shenotatko confluence, for shenuiitatko, shenewatatko. 



pan(')pka, to desire to cat, for panuapka. 



