PHONOLOGY. 233 



These examples involve simply rhetorical emphasis, but there are 

 instances implying a change of signiiication as a consequence of the 

 digeresis: sha-apa-a to dare, provoke, from shapa to tell, count; i-iulina, yi- 

 ulina to send over the edge, compared to yulina to menstruate. 



h. Diphthongic diaeresis, as in i-uta for yuta, n^-i for ndya, 

 E-ukshi for Eiiksi, has been fully discussed in the article 

 on Diphthongs, p. 208. 



15. Gemination or doubling of consonants occurs only after vowels short 



in quantity : 

 sessal61ish warrior, for sheshalolish; vussa to fear, for viisha ; genalla 

 to start, for genala; nellina to scalp, for nelina; we'tta to laugh, for 

 weta, cf. w^tanta; uditta to whip, for udi'ta; limh'nuna to he darJc, 

 for limlima; tchfmma-ash string-game, for tchima-ash ; ku'mme 

 cave, for ku'me; sunmiatka with the moidh, hill, for shumatka; 

 tchaggaya to sit upon, for tchakaya. 



D. — Phonetic changes through contiguity. 



These changes mainly occur in unaccented syllables, and are produced 

 by the influence of sounds either preceding or following inniiediately, or 

 forming a part of the syllable preceding or following. It is generally the 

 subsequent sound which tries to weaken and then to assimilate or dissimi- 

 late its predecessor. The altered position of the accent sometimes produces 

 a similar i-esult. In Latin we find similar changes accomplished in meridies 

 for medidies, medius fdius for me Dius filius, occupare for obcapare, occiput for 

 obcaput, exultare for exsaltare, appono for adpono, doceor, audior for doceo-se, 

 audio-se. 



16. Assimilation — Vowels and consonants of the same vocal class, either 



standing beside each other or belonging to adjoining syllables, 

 assimilate moie closely or become identical. This process forms 

 just the opposite of the dissimilation to be described below, both 

 of them being the result of pronounced tendencies of the language 



waydlapsh icicle, piece of ice, for wealapsh. 



Waita'ngish Warm Spring Indian, for Waitii'nglsh. 



yfyu^oga to shove into, for iyaxoga, i-u^oga. 



