THE EADICAL SYLLABLE. 247 



The structure of Klamath is decidedly agglutinutive; nevertheless, in 

 some particulars, to be considered later, it approaches the tongues of the 

 inflectional order. An important characteristic of it, syllabic duplication, 

 is observed in the prefix- and radical syllables. Two other features pei- 

 vading every part of Klamath speech are the pronominal syllables used as 

 radicals and as affixes, and the figure called anathcsis. Compound words 

 are in fact the result of a syntactic process and will be discussed in the 

 Syntax. 



In subdividing the affixes into prefixes and suffixes according to their 

 location before or after the radix, and into inflectional and derivational 

 affixes according to their functions, we obtain the following general scheme 

 for our morphology : 



I. — Radical syllable. 



1. Its structure. 2. Its origin and classification. 3. Its phonetic alter- 

 ations. 4. Its increase by the reduplicative process. 5. Anathesis. 



II. — Radical syllable connected with affixes. 



1. Inflectional affixes; suffixation. 2. Derivational affixes: A. Prefix- 

 ation; B. Suffixation. 3. List of prefixes. 4. List of infixes. 5. I^ist of 

 suffixes. 



III. — Inflection and derivation. 



1. Verbal inflection; verbal derivation. 2. Nominal inflection; nomi- 

 nal derivation: «, of substantives; &, of adjectives and participles; c, of 

 numerals; d, of pronouns; e, of postpositions. 



IV. — Particles or words without inflection. 



I.— THE EADICAL SYLLABLE. 



A root, radix, or radical syllable is a sound or group of sounds pos- 

 sessed of an inherent signification. By the processes of inflection and 

 derivation affixes cluster around the radix, which may undergo phonetic 

 changes; the meaning of the radix then remains either unchanged or passes 

 into another signification cognate and closely related to the original mean- 

 ing. Languages have been studied in which the radix is composed of two 



