EEDUPLICATION. 261 



terms will be more properly spoken of under "Composition of Words"; it 

 embraces terms like yapalpul^ash, kdltchitchiks, ulaplpa, etc. 



Words formed by iterative reduplication possess, just like other terms, 

 a distributive form to mark severalty ; they form it by undergoing another 

 kind of reduplication to be described below. Thus, Mlkali round, becomes 

 kak^lkali, tiptipli dusky: titaptipli. 



Many terms formed by this means of synthesis have the power of dis- 

 similating the vowel of one from that of the other syllable, as kii'kakli green, 

 yellow, which may be also pronounced ka'kakli and kakiikli, while the dis- 

 tributive form would be kakii'kakli or kakakiikli. The change from the 

 normal vowel, which is a in this example, is more frequently heard in the 

 second part than in the first: taktakli red: taktil'kli; ke'tchkatch little gray 

 fox, from ketchke'tchli rough. Dissimilation is a figure which was spoken of 

 at length on pages 234 and 235. 



The following list of terms is classified after catesrories of origin, and 

 exhibits all the various forms of iterative reduplication : 



1. Onomatopoetic terms produced by imitating peculiar noises perceived on ob- 



jects of nature, or the cry of some bird or other animal: kaikaya 

 to sob, snore, Mlak brant, tiiktukuash fish-hawk, wawd-ush little bell, 

 wekw^kash magpie, yauydwa to be noisy. 



2. Iterative, frequentative, usitative terms, mostly verbs: 



leml^ma to reel, to be dizzy, drunk; dissimilated in la'mlemsh. 



muimuya, muhimuya to tremble, shiver. 



p(^lpela to work, to busy oneself at. 



p6po-i to drink, said of babies. 



shidkshiaga to shake up, v. trans. 



tuektueka to stare at, from tudka to pierce. 



tushtiishla to shiver from cold; cf. Lat. titubare. 



litk'utka and wankwanka to nod. 



witwita to writhe, struggle. 



Dissyllabic reduplication occurs in : 

 kokalkok/iltko weak in the joints. 

 lotel6tash greenish excretion of snakes. 

 nidshoni'dshua to make faces, to grimace. 

 ulagshuMgsha to lap up, as water. 



