REDUPLICATION. 277 



called nomina adoris. Indeed, the larger portion occurs only in the" redu- 

 plicated shape; thus we have: 



Mldsish house-builder, architect, from Idtcha to build. 

 p4pish devourer, from pdn to eat; cf. mdklaks=papish. 

 papatalish parasite, cf. patddsha to stretch the hand out. 

 pdpalish thief, from palla to steal. 



p^puadshnish prodigal, spendthrift, from puedsha to throw away. 

 sliashapkel(^-ish rhapsodist, narrator, from shApa to narrate. 

 shushatish (and shutesh) worker, maker, from shuta to make. 

 tetddshish launderer, laundress, from t^dsha to wash. 

 tetgmAshkish pilferer, from temdshka to abstract. 



Exactly in the same manner are formed a number of substantives desig- 

 nating inanimate objects (or abstractions), which are the result of reiterated 

 acts and appear in the distributive form. They are formed by means of the 

 suffix -ash, and are nomina acti: 



papkash lumber, club, from p4ka to break. 

 k6;(pash mind, from k6pa to think (Mod.), 

 shashapkgldash narrative, story, from shdpa to narrate. 



The form of the preterit in -uish also occurs: 

 shutddshanuish plow's furrow ; from shut^dshna to perform on one^s way. 



Like this word, the largest number of the nomina acti do not show the 

 reduplicated form of the first syllable. 



Distributive reduplication also occurs in the absolute form of a few 

 verbs, which are suggestive of collectivity, severalty, or distribution. Some 

 of them show phonetic irregularity in their formation. 



a'-al%a, d. aa'-al%a to read, from ^l%a to lay down. 

 leliwa to stand at the end of, from Mwa to project. 

 papia'na to have a picnic, from pdn to eat. 

 shesh;(e'la to act extravagantly, from ka'la to disport oneself. 

 sh^shatui to barter, sell, from shdtua to count. 



