346 GRAMMAR OF THE KLAMATH LANGUAGE. 



-kisll, -fllsh, or, in contracted form, -ksh, -gsb, -ks, is a nominal suffix 

 forming' substantives and adjectives from nouns and from verbs. It is com- 

 posed of tbe radix ki, f/i of tbe verb g\ to be, exist, and to make, do, perform, 

 and the nominal suffix -sli, -s, and has to be carefully distinguished from an- 

 other suffix -ksh, -gsh which forms substantives also, but has a different 

 origin. Cf -kish No. 4 and -ksh. Our suffix -kish appears in the following 

 functions: 



(1) -kish, -(fish, in the sense of dwelling at, living in, existing in, is the 

 verbal indefinite of gi to exist, live. It forms some adjectives and names of 

 tribes or nomina gentilicia. In the latter the oblique cases are formed from 

 -kish, but in the subjective case -kish is usually superseded by -kni. Chiefly 

 refers to animate beings. 



aratchiksh old, ancient; inverted from ma'ntch=gish. 



p'laikish living above ; for the more frequent p'laikni. 



shkfshgish tumblcbug ; lit. "living in the dung." 



Moatokgish, contr. Mo'dokish inhabitant of Modoc Lake, and Modoc 



Indian. 

 Nushaltkagakish dweller at the head-waters (of Lost River). 



(2) -k'lsh, when derived from gi to exist and referring to inanimate 

 things, is found in substantives descriptive of the place, area, or locality 

 whei-e an act is performed or a state undergone. The case-postposition 

 -kfehi. Mod. -gishi, lit. "where it exists, lives", is one of the oblique cases of 

 -kish. Cf kuish. 



Aishishamksh, for Aishisham kfsh lodge of Aishish, 96, 23; cf 122, 16 



hashuakish vegetable garden ; lit. "sowing place", from hashud-a. 



luc'lkish slaughtering place; from Itiela to kill. 



otilks dam below water ; from utila to lie below. 



palkish dry river bed; from pala to dry up. 



pankoksh for pankuakish ford ; from pankua to ivade through. 



st6kish ^a<e; from %i\i passage. 



shiidshgish fireplace; from shudsha to build afire. 



shuraalkish mouth of river; from shnmalka to empty itself. 



