LIST OF SUFFIXES. 361 



bunua to drink, biinula to cease, stop drinking. 

 hixshnkia to lock, husliaki61a to unlock. 

 kto'dsha it rains, ktodshi61a the rain is over. 

 witcha to blow, witch61a to cease blowing. 



(2) -61a often imparts to the verb the idea of taking off, depriving, de- 

 parture or abandonment; and in consequence these derivatives often mean 

 just the contrary of the simple verbs. Thus -61a often corresponds to our 

 un- in iimjoke, to dis- in dismount, or to the particle o#. 



gehSla to disinoiiid from horse, wagon etc. 

 illola to take off a load, to unload. 

 ktchikayula to come out of the woods. 

 shatakniila to remove from the mouth. 

 tchelola, Kl. ktchel61a to husk, to peel. 

 witxn61a to blow out from mouth. 



(3) A third class of verbs in -61a embodies the notion: on the surface, 

 on top of, and will be discussed under -wala, q. v., of which -61a is the con- 

 tracted form. 



-O'li, -6le, -I'di, a verbal suffix formed like -61a, with the penult long and 

 with substitution of the locative -i (-hi) to the ground for -a. It occurs only 

 in verbs of motion and imparts to them the idea of downward, downhill. Thus 

 kuk61e to undress possesses the literal meaning "to let the k<i'ks=gown fall 

 to the ground." 



histanuli to cause to go down. 



nde-uli, wet61i to fall, slide down on the ground. 



shanahd'li to tvish, desire, want. 



shutuli (and shutula) to unloose, to unfetter. 



tel61i, teliili to look down upon. 



tin61i, tiniile to run or go downward. 



tpekixle to stoop, to bend one's body. 



-opka, -upka, verbal suffix, in which the long vowel o, u is the result 

 of a synizesis of ua-, iva-. This long vowel is sometimes accented, sometimes 

 not; the verbs from which the derivatives in -opka are formed are of a dif- 



