THE INFINITIVE. 409 



h. Verbals. 



For want of a better term, the name verbal is used here to comprehend 

 a second class of nominal forms of the Klamath verb, containing: (1) the 

 infinitive, (2) the verbal indefinite with its case-inflection, (3) the verbal 

 conditional, (4) the verbal preterit, (5) the verbal causative, (6) the verbal 

 durative, (7) the verbal intentional. The verbal forms corresponding to 

 these in English are the infinitive and the participles in -ing and -ed, -t 

 when connected with various conjunctions and prepositions. In Latin they 

 correspond to the infinitive, the gerund, gerundivum, supinum, and to some 

 of the participles. . The English infinitive is expressed by the simple form 

 of the verb in -a ; sometimes and more frequently by the verbal indefinite 

 and other verbals. No verbal, except the verbal in -sh, has any nominal 

 inflection ; when verbs in -tki, -uta, -uga, -oga are inflected, they are real 

 verbs, and not verbals. 



1. The infinitive 



Is formed of the simple form of the verb, with the declarative -a 

 usually suffixed. It resembles in its function the English infinitive, but 

 difters from it by its rare occurrence in the spoken language. Still, in 

 quoting a verb for itself or for insertion in a vocabulary, the Indian always 

 uses this grammatic form. The Latin and German infinitive is originally 

 a dative of an inflected verbal, but in Klamath this form shows no inflection 

 except for severalty. The following examples may give an idea of its 

 functions : 



sha't'la kayaktcha he employed to pursue (them), 44, 2. 



sha gen' a mat sliUui theij then went to see, as reported. 



k^k' un itklan tpewa shewana pAtgiuga he told (her) to pick up bones and 



to give them (to others) to eat. 

 ku-ishewank shla'pele rejoicing to meet (him) again, 96, 5. 

 ma'shishtat shi-usha shatelakish salve to rub on sores. 

 tfdshi hiik (for ha gi) tumenank if 1 hear (them) to be good, 93, 9. 

 shahamuyank shnuntatka sending for somebody to act as interpreter, 



66, L5. 

 hu lalaki hemkank kshaggaya the judges ordered to hang them, 44, 6. 



