NUMBER IN INTRANSITIVE VERBS. 439 



(cf. Dictionaryj, and tu- (in the dual form tush-), are pronominal roots point 

 ing to distance; the radix tin- occurs also in words referring- to one subject 

 only: ti'nuash, tinkuela, tinola etc The radix hi-, lui-, and liu- is derived 

 from liwa to form a cluster, crowd, and the prefix 1- points to the circumfer- 

 ence of a standing, sitting, or Ij'ing crowd or multitude, as it does also in 

 klush-, found in some of the plural verbs. These latter refer to aggregation 

 or gathering in a row, line, or file, which is indicated by prefix k- pointing 

 to lateral action. In the verbs of standing, t- points to persons in an erect 

 position ; in those of sitting, tcha-, tch- embodies tchfa to sit, wa- to sit or exist 

 in a certain place or medium. The radical kish- differs from ksh-, which also 

 appears m some dual verbs as kshu-, and are probably used as plural verbs 

 also. Verbs with the radix ga- are extensively used as duals for the verbs 

 of the radix hu-, of which the regular dual form begins with tush-. But 

 there is a difi^erence in signification between the two, for the verbs in hu- 

 and tush- refer to the quicker motion of running, while ga- points only to 

 walking, going. Examples: 



Verbs of going, walking, coming: 



gaki'ma to go around; du. gag'ki'ma, pi. ginkima, ginkeraa. 



galala to reach a place; du. gakalala, pi. kilala. 



galampaga to go leliind; pi. kinlampaga (Mod.). 



gdna to go away, depart; du. g^ka, pi. (Mod.) tche'na (in Kl. g^na for all). 



g^pka to come toward; du. gegapka, pi (Mod.) tchepka. 



g^wa to go into water ; du. gekwa, geku, pi. tchewa. 



goyena, (Mod.) kishiena to ivalk around indoors; du. (Mod.") goyena, pi. 



lukanhic'na. 

 gulhi, giVhli, gull to go into, enter ; pi. kilhi. 

 kishgiuladshna to disappear by going out; du gakiuladshna, pi. kingi- 



uladshna. 

 kishtitana to walk along the lodge on its outside ; du. gutftana, pi. lukantitana. 

 telix'i to go up), to ascend; pi. lukanixi. 



Verbs of running, leaping, flying: 



huikinsha to run away from ; du. tushi'kinsha, pi. tinikinsha. 

 huy4-edsha to run past ; pi. gaya-idsha. 



