486 GRAMMAR OF THE KLAMATH LANGUAGE. 



w;islii in the hole, cavity, den, lodge. 



Yuinsi (for Y;unasli-i) at the North Wind^s lodge, home. 



Yaukf'lam Laslii at the Eagle's Nest. 



Lgum=A-nslu at Coal Lake. 



Walamsi at Rogue River Butte. 



Witiimanitclii tvhere the old Black Bear was. 



A-uslimi, an island in Upper Khunatli Lake, is also pronounced 

 A-ushme; cf Sumde for Shiiniti, Sumti, in Dictionarj'. 



2. Used in a temporal sense, -i occurs only when appended to the 

 v-erbal indefinite, and will be discussed in the Syntax under the heading of 

 the Verbal indefinite in -shi. Sliewat;{il'lsi in the afternoon shows the -i 

 appended to a nomen verlmle also. The sufiix -i in li't^i, h't/e in the evening 

 has to be regarded as a locative, not as a tem[)oral suffix, since lit^i is 

 originally a verb to hang down to tJie ground, earth, or horizon, which refers 

 to the sun. It is comparable in every way to hinui, ndc'-uli etc. 



11. Adessive case in -kshi. 



The terminal -kshi, -ksi marks the residing, staying, or presence at 

 some spot or locality, is appended to substantives of the animate and inan- 

 imate gender, and occurs in the simple as well as in the composite case- 

 infiection. In the latter we usually find it appended to nouns designating 

 persons or personified beings. 



This case-postposition is a compound of kish. gish, ksh home, residence 

 (cf. Aishishamksh AishisKs lodge, 96, 23) and the postposition -i. This 

 word kish is also the verbal indefinite of gi to exist, to he,^ and we also find 

 it, though in various functions, as a nominal derivational suffix. In Kla- 

 math -kshi appears in various forms, mostly unaccented: -kshi, -gslii, -ksh, 

 -gsh, -ksi, -ks, -gs; in Modoc as -kishi, -gishi, -ksi, -gshi, -gsi. 



This case-postposition frequently assumes the function of the sub- 

 jective case, in local names especially, and with the adnominal suffix -kni 

 appended forms tribal names or nomina gentilitia: E-ukshikni maklaks Kla- 

 math Lake Indian, and others. It is found to fulfill two functions only — that 



' Compare the Modoc phrase: hsitokt uish a gishi when I am there or while I was there, 22, 2. 3. 



