488 GRAMMAR OF THE KLAMATH LANGUAGE. 



A parallel to this graramatic structure are the Latin verbs of placement 

 (ponere, coUocare etc.), which are constmed with in and the ablative case, 

 although they are verbs indicating motion. 



12. Emphatic adessive case in -ksaksi. 



This case-postposition is the result of a reduplication of the foregoing 

 terminal -kshi, with a change of vowel. It corresponds to the English rifjht 

 there, just where, and usually refers to a spot more limited in extent than 

 -kshi. It does not refer to the residence of persons, for lakiamkshi means 

 in or at the chief ^s lodge, but lakiamksaksi just tvhere the chief sits or stands, 

 sat or stood. Used as a subjective case it may append postpositions, though 

 we have only the instance of the case-suffi.\ -na. The accent usually rests 

 upon the syllable -ksa-. The terminal -ksaksi appears chiefly in connection 

 with parts of the animal body, terms of topography, local names, and other 

 narrowly circumscribed areas. While -ksaksi, -kshakshi, -ksaks seems con- 

 fined to the northern or Klamath Lake dialect, the form -ksiksi, -kshi'ksh, 

 occurring in local names, appears in the Modoc dialect as -kshi gfshi in the 

 same function. Another form with -u- in the first syllable embodies a tem- 

 poral relation to the past ; cf Grammar, p. 255. 



Instances of the -a- form : 



ktai'ksaksi, ko'shksaks right by the rock, pine. 



ni tchi'wishksaksi p'lentant gi I was above their former camping- 

 place, 22, 1. 



k6la-ush ish I'ktchi e-ushksakshi ! get me some sand at the lake! 



sa shnikshoi^a maklaksksaksi they made them dance in the presence of the 

 Indians, 20, 10; cf 20, 11. Cf. also 21, 17; 30, 5. 



Awalokaksaksi at the Little Island. 



Kokaksakshi, Kokii'ksaks at Little River, 19, 7 ; 20, 13. 



Tchpinuksakshi at the Burial Ground. 



Wel^kag=Knukleksaksi at the Stooping Old Woman. 



Instances of the -i- form : 



Yafnakshi=gishi' at Ydneks, Mod., 36, 9. 

 Kawamkshiksh at the Eel Fishery. 



