,490 GRAMMAR OF THE KLAMATH LANGUAGE. 



14. JuxtaposHice case in -tana. 



This terminal is frequently abbreviated into -tan, -ta, and occurs more 

 in pronouns, postjjositions etc. than in substantives, being also a verbal 

 suffix. It is a combination of the pronominal roots ta and na, both being 

 short syllables; -tana generally remains unaccented, and has to be rendered 

 by along, alongside, on the side or sides of, beside, by. Instead of chissing 

 -tana as a case-suffix, since it does not occur as a separate word, I have set 

 it down as a case-postposition on account of its great analogy with -tala. 

 As a subjective case it occurs in mu'ntana drawers. 



ge'kshtana, abbr. ge'kshta on this side or part. 



gunitana, abbr. gunitan, gunita on the opposite side. 



ktaitana o« the side of the stone, rock. 



m'nalamtana latchash close to their lodges, 90, 9. 



Nii'wapksh yAmakstan along the north hank of Goose Lake, 31, 7 and Note. 



pipelantana/ro)« opposite sides, on tivo sides. 



wasliitana beside the den, by the excavation. 



COMPOSITE NOMINAL INFLECTION. 



Many of the agglutinative languages possess the faculty of forming 

 composite cases by using oblique cases as subjective cases and ap))ending 

 to them the otlier case-suffixes. Transformed in this manner, these new- 

 formed substantives can be inflected like otiier nouns. The Klamath lan- 

 guage is able to form composite inflections of tliis kind, in other nouns as 

 well as in the substantive; but here and there this sort of inflection does not 

 go througli all cases, but is rather incomplete. Some of these binary case- 

 compounds can be used again as subjective cases, and in this quality they 

 may form ternary compounds, which of course do not occui" very fre- 

 quently, but follow entirely the laws of this language. This polysyn- 

 thetism in case-suffixes seems quite extraordinary to those accustomed to 

 languages with simple case-suffixes, but it is in no way stranger than the 

 polysynthetism of the verbal deiivational prefixes and suffixes. Instances 

 of a quaternary case-compound I have not met with. 



