COMPOSITE INFLECTION. 491 



The case-endings traceable in the binary composite nominal inflection 

 are as follows: 



The objective animate case in -ash (not to be confounded with the 

 derivational suffix -ash) connects with -tala: tuhushashtala toward the coot; 

 rarely, if ever, with -tka. 



The possessive case in -am, -lam most frequently of all turns into a 

 subjective case, and connects itself with more case-endings than others. 

 The possessive ending is supplanted by -ti, for -am could not stand twice 

 in the same noun. When used of persons and things, -am becomes con- 

 nected with all the purely locative case-endings except -i. 

 The partitive case in -ti connects itself with -am, -tka. 

 The temporal case in -emi connects itself with -kshi. 

 The inessive case in -i connects itself with -tala, -tana. 

 The adessive case in -kshi is found connected with -tat, -^eni, -na, 

 -tala, -tana. 



The emphatic adessive case in -ksaksi may append the suffix -na. 

 The locative cases in -^eni, -tala, -tana do not append any nominal 

 endings, except derivational suffixes, whenever they form adjectives: na- 

 kosh;fe'nkni stai/iiu/ near a river-dam; tutashtalikshini one going everywhere. 

 Specimens of the binary composite declensions will be presented among 

 the inflectional substantive paradigms. 



A few instances of the ternary composite declension are as follows: 

 k'mutchapkamkshi^e'ni at, toward the old man^s lodge. 

 guixaksha'migshta (for -tat) at the time of the annual exodus, 148, 19. 

 Shastiamkshtala toward a Shasti Indian^s lodge. 

 p'lentant tchiwi'shksaksam above their former camping-place; perhaps 



for -ksaksi sham ; cf., 22, 1. 

 wewalekshamksh;{e'ni where the old squaws -live. 



PARADIGMS. 



CONSONANTAL INFLECTION OF SUBSTANTIVE. 



Absolute form. Distributive form. 



Subjective case: pshish, psi's wose. pshi'pshash eac/t «6se. 



