INANIMATE OBJECTS. 505 



Terms deviating from this rule are, e. g., ko'sh pitch-pine tree, which is 

 not named after its fruit, ktii'lo jjinc-nut, though this is eaten by the Indians. 

 Wokash, nu't, nu'tak, designate th*e plants as well as their seed. Wele'li 

 harherry hush does not show the ending -am. Edible bulbs, roots, etc., gen- 

 erall)' exhibit some other ending than -am, -lam, and even -ash, -ish is not 

 very common among them Cf Texts, pp. 146-149. 



Among the terms in -am, iwam designates the whortleberry as well as 

 the bush upon which it grows, and le-usham, distr. lele-ushain, does not 

 designate a plant, but a, floiirr, blossom. 



Vegetal growths not producing edible fruits, berries, or seeds have 

 names formed by a great variety of suffixes from nouns or verbs ; cf giilk- 

 maks, kenawat, n^wal, skdwanksh, shle'dsh, vulalksh, etc. 



6. The names of inanimate objects. 



These are difficult to classify as to their derivation, on account of the 

 large number of affixes occurring in their formation. Therefore the list 

 below attempts to give only indications for the classification of some of 

 their number. 



a. Nouns expressing the name of the material or substance from which 

 an object is manufactured, or of which it consists, are often formed by the 

 partitive suffix -ti, q. v. 



b. Nouns indicating the tool or instrument by which something is man- 

 ufactured or performed are formed by appending -o'tkish (-utkish, -u'tch) 

 or -kish, q. v. 



c. Parts of the human and animal body are formed chiefly by means 

 of the suffixes -ash (-atch), -p, -u (-o). 



(I. Topographic nouns — viz., terms for rivers, hills, prairies, woods, dis- 

 tricts, sites, lakes, settlements, towns, etc. — are formed by -sh (-ash, -ish) 

 and -kish, -l^ish ; proper names of places, sites, hills, etc., by -kshi, -ze'ni, 

 -na, -i and other suffixes. Yai'na mountain is an instance of a noun origin- 

 ally formed by the suffix -na, and inflected through all cases. 



* 

 THE ADJECTIVE. 



The attributive relation in the sentence is indicated by the adjective 

 more than by any other part of man's speech. Adjectives may be divided 



