EEFLECTIVE PRONOUN. 551 



when appended to the emphatic pronoun in -talc in the sense of for oneself, 

 in the interest of me, him, etc. Cf. Emphatic Pronoun, pages 552, 553. 



First person, singular, nutagianki, nutagink (for niitak gianki) 



Second person, singular, ftagianki, itakink, itaginggi 



Third person, singular, pitagiank, pitagingg 



First person, plural, ntitakiank, nataginggi 



Second person, plural, atakiank, atakinggat 



Third person, plural, patakink; hiikshagianggi 



This ending is also found appended to the oblique cases of the same 

 pronouns; its origin is explained under Suffix -gien, q. v. 



In the third persons of the singular and plural, the change of k and k 

 in hiinkelaui his, her, hunkish him, her, hunkiash them, renders these pro- 

 nouns reflective The diff'erent cases of pi, pat, sha they can serve as 

 reflective pronouns without undergoing an}^ change or suffixation; this is tlie 

 case with pish, pash, push, po'sh, p'na, p'nalam; m'na, m'nalam; shash, sham. 

 Thus we have: Aishish tumena shtil'txishalsht pish \^[\\uki^. Aishish heard 

 that his wives had wept for him in mourning. Cf. also, in Modoc war, pi 38, 

 10; pu'sh 36, 15. 16 ; pish 36, 16 ; p'niilam 38, 17, etc.; in the northern dia- 

 lect, pi'sh 71, 2. The change from k to k, as observed in verbs, has been 

 referred to previously (pages 292. 424), but even in substantives it is some- 

 times observed. When these natives speak of other Indians than themselves, 

 they pronounce: mjiklaks Indian; but when of themselves, mtiklaks. 



The most frequent way of expressing the reflective pronoun is that of 

 appending -tak, -tok to the personal pronoun : 



kitita pit4k nkash her (the female wolf's) helly hurst, 105, 16. 

 shliibopk hu'nitak he himself perceived ; lit. "he observed in his own 



mind", 108, 5. 

 dnku pitak (for pishtak) vulodshan gi he is splitting wood for himself 

 tchashesh nanuk watch tchlfi'lp^a, pitakmani the skunk drowned all the 



horses, itself also, 127, 12. 

 uiulinank itagianggi ! cut some hag for yourself! 

 natak shiiilagien, shiulagin or shiula gianggin ive collect for ourselves. 

 niitak hi'shlan we shot people of our ow<i party, 24, 4. 



